A novel technique for the evaluation of paperboard performance in press-forming

Tanninen, Panu; Matthews, Sami; Ovaska, Sami-Seppo; Varis, Juha; Backfolk, Kaj

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.10.002

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This change is related to alterations within the fiber wall and bonds between the fibers due to change in the amount of free water Retulainen 2014). Ö stlund et al (2011) reported that the strain-at-break values of commercial paperboards vary within the range 1.1-4.2%, but according to Tanninen et al (2017a), a complex multilayered structure with several fiber and polymer layers may result in higher extensibility. Tanninen et al (2017b) found that a paperboard with a machine-directional strain-at-break value of 1.7% (RH 50%) had an elongation of approximately 6% (RH 80%) in press-forming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of pulp type on the three-dimensional thermomechanical convertibility of paperboard

et al. 2019

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This study examines the effect of pulp type on the formability and elongation of paperboard, which are of key importance when producing 3D packages. Material performance was studied with a press-forming machine using laboratory handsheets as substrates. The handsheets were prepared from bleached softwood and hardwood kraft pulps, chemithermomechanical pulp, recycled newsprint, and mixtures of birch kraft and other pulps. The effect of microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) on substrate properties and material formability was also investigated. The 3D elongation of MFC-free handsheets varied between 1.2 and 5.5%. Depending on the pulp type and sheet composition, three essential sheet properties were recognized. These properties were bulk, elastic modulus and bending stiffness, the first two of which

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of pulp type on the three-dimensional thermomechanical convertibility of paperboard

et al. 2019

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“…In a few publications the process‐dependent material elongation for press forming and hydroforming is mentioned as a side effect. In press forming, the investigations focus on the relationships between the process parameters with respect to the deformation and damage mechanisms as well as the sealing of the produced trays.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the material elongation in the deep drawing of paperboard

et al. 2019

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In this paper, deep‐drawn paperboard cups are characterized in terms of their elongation along the cup wall. For this purpose, a method for the non‐destructive determination of the elongation was developed and tested. Using the presented method, a parameter study of the process parameters blank holder force, forming temperature, material moisture content, drawing velocity, and clearance ratio was performed. The influence of the process parameters on the cup wall elongation was determined by statistical design of experiments. Using the determined relationships between the process parameters, it was possible to achieve a shape‐specific characterization of the elongation along the cup wall. The parameter study showed a significant influence of the blank holder force, the forming temperature, and the material moisture content to the elongation along the cup wall.

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“…Before forming, the sheets were conditioned at 23°C and 80% RH. The conditioning was chosen based on a previous suggestion (moisture level of the formed sheet approximately 9-11%) by Tanninen et al (2017a). 3D elongation of a material was determined to be the maximum forming depth without ruptures detected visually.…”

Section: Press-forming Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it is expected that if the moisture content is increased further, the 3D elongation is reduced when the negative effects on sheet bonding exceed the positive effects on plasticisation. Tanninen et al (2017a) have reported a decrease in formability with high moisture contents, and Salmén (1993) describes the softening of wood polymers with heat and moisture, especially the decrease in elastic modulus and the loosening of bonds due to the presence of moisture.…”

Section: Tensile Stiffness and Tensile Strength In Assessing 3d Elongationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional thermomechanical converting of CTMP substrates: effect of bio-based strengthening agents and new mineral filling concept

et al. 2021

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The effects of bio-based strengthening agents and mineral filling procedure on the 3D elongation of chemi-thermomechanical pulp (CTMP) handsheets with and without mineral (PCC) filling have been investigated. The 3D elongation was measured using a press-forming machine equipped with a special converting tool. The strength of the handsheets was altered using either cationic starch or microfibrillated cellulose. Precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) was added to the furnish either as a slurry or by precipitation of nano-sized PCC onto and into the CTMP fibre. The 3D elongation of unfilled sheets was increased by the dry-strengthening agents, but no evidence on the theorised positive effect of mineral fill on 3D elongation was seen in either filling method. The performance of the strengthening agent depended on whether the PCC was as slurry or as a precipitated PCC-CTMP. The starch was more effective with PCC-CTMP than when the PCC was added directly as a slurry to the furnish, whereas the opposite was observed with microfibrillated cellulose. The 3D elongation correlated positively with the tensile strength, bursting strength, tensile stiffness, elastic modulus and bending stiffness, even when the sheet composition was varied, but neither the strengthening agent nor the method of PCC addition affected the 3D elongation beyond what was expectable based on the tensile strength of the sheets. Finally, mechanisms affecting the properties that correlated with the 3D elongation are discussed.

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A novel technique for the evaluation of paperboard performance in press-forming

Cited by 15 publications

References 19 publications

Influence of pulp type on the three-dimensional thermomechanical convertibility of paperboard

Influence of pulp type on the three-dimensional thermomechanical convertibility of paperboard

Characterization of the material elongation in the deep drawing of paperboard

Three-dimensional thermomechanical converting of CTMP substrates: effect of bio-based strengthening agents and new mineral filling concept

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