A Novel Synchronous MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks with Performance Analysis

Sahoo, Prasan Kumar; Pattanaik, Sudhir Ranjan; Wu, Shih‐Lin

doi:10.3390/s19245394

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…To conserve the energy of constrained devices, IEEE 802.15.4 standard adopts CSMA/CA to check the activity state of the propagation medium before engaging in possible data transactions [20,24] while bearing in mind how expensive it is to waste energy due to packet collision leading to retransmission. Before engaging in data transactions, in the slotted mechanism, nodes randomly select BP from the range of available periods computed by the BEB algorithm, and the countdown time is initiated.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The timing operation of an ongoing transaction must elapse before a next queued node begins its transaction. A unit BP is a constant given as aUnitBackoffPeriod = 20 Symbols equivalent to 0.32 millisecond (or 320μs), subsequently equivalent to 80 bits [9,24]. This is the smallest possible time a node can wait before Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) [24,25] is performed.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After the computation, at random, a BP is selected between the lower and upper limits which correspond to the waiting time a node has to observe before executing CCA operation [26,27]. According to the standard, the minimum and maximum value of BE ranges from macMinBE = 3 and macMaxBE = 5, respectively [16,24]. CW represents the number of channel activity checks before a node can gain access to transmit data packet in the channel, which corresponds to the CCA.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…slotted beacon-enabled mode [9,24]. In this mode, nodes randomly select BP or waiting time from the range of computed backoff time-slots using Eq 1, where 2 BE −1 is known as the BEB algorithm.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Optimized backoff scheme for prioritized data in wireless sensor networks: A class of service approach

et al. 2020

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Data prioritization of heterogeneous data in wireless sensor networks gives meaning to mission-critical data that are time-sensitive as this may be a matter of life and death. However, the standard IEEE 802.15.4 does not consider the prioritization of data. Prioritization schemes proffered in the literature have not adequately addressed this issue as proposed schemes either uses a single or complex backoff algorithm to estimate backoff time-slots for prioritized data. Subsequently, the carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance scheme exhibits an exponentially increasing range of backoff times. These approaches are not only inefficient but result in high latency and increased power consumption. In this article, the concept of class of service (CS) was adopted to prioritize heterogeneous data (realtime and non-real-time), resulting in an optimized prioritized backoff MAC scheme called Class of Service Traffic Priority-based Medium Access Control (CSTP-MAC). This scheme classifies data into high priority data (HPD) and low priority data (LPD) by computing backoff times with expressions peculiar to the data priority class. The improved scheme grants nodes the opportunity to access the shared medium in a timely and power-efficient manner. Benchmarked against contemporary schemes, CSTP-MAC attained a 99% packet delivery ratio with improved power saving capability, which translates to a longer operational lifetime.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Optimized backoff scheme for prioritized data in wireless sensor networks: A class of service approach

et al. 2020

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“…In [20], authors proposed an optimal relay selection technique for IEEE 802.15.4 based sensor to sink communications. The authors also propose an efficient channel access mechanism to improve the network throughput and reduce packet collisions resulting in lower energy consumption of the sensor nodes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Efficient Superframe Structure with Optimal Bandwidth Utilization and Reduced Delay for Internet of Things Based Wireless Sensor Networks

Khan

Alvi

Javed

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Internet of Things (IoT) is a promising technology that uses wireless sensor networks to enable data collection, monitoring, and transmission from the physical devices to the Internet. Due to its potential large scale usage, efficient routing and Medium Access Control (MAC) techniques are vital to meet various application requirements. Most of the IoT applications need low data rate and low powered wireless transmissions and IEEE 802.15.4 standard is mostly used in this regard which offers superframe structure at the MAC layer. However, for IoT applications where nodes have adaptive data traffic, the standard has some limitations such as bandwidth wastage and latency. In this paper, a new superframe structure is proposed that is backward compatible with the existing parameters of the standard. The proposed superframe overcomes limitations of the standard by fine-tuning its superframe structure and squeezing the size of its contention-free slots. Thus, the proposed superframe adjusts its duty cycle according to the traffic requirements and accommodates more nodes in a superframe structure. The analytical results show that our proposed superframe structure has almost 50% less delay, accommodate more nodes and has better link utilization in a superframe as compared to the IEEE 802.15.4 standard.

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Modeling and analysis of priority and range‐based‐deterministic and synchronous multichannel extension‐guaranteed time slot allocation in IEEE 802.15.4e medium access control protocol

Asuti

Basarkod

2021

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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Internet of Things (IoT) enabled technology in the current applications such as smart grids, smart cities, and smart health sectors utilize wireless sensor networks (WSN) to establish stable and reliable communication between the nodes. Moreover, the primary requirement of WSN in IoT applications is to provide low-rate data communication. The IEEE 802.15.4e standard-based medium access control (MAC) protocol is found suitable for low-rate data communication in WSN. The IEEE 802.15.4e standard adopts a deterministic and synchronous multichannel extension (DSME) MAC protocol which employs a multisuperframe structure with multichannel data transmission during the contention free period. However, the guaranteed time slot (GTS) allocation process in DSME employed by the standard may not be suitable for an adaptive traffic network scenario that has a direct impact on the throughput and bandwidth utilization. In this article, we develop a priority and range-based DSME-GTS allocation algorithm based on the priorities of end nodes and range estimation. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm is developed for the two types of network scenarios encountered in a star topology-enabled WSN. In scenario-1, the slots allocation process is carried out based on the priorities of end nodes.Next, in scenario-2, the slots allocation process is carried out based on the range estimation of end nodes. Detailed mathematical modeling of the proposed methodology is provided for the various performance metrics. The model is validated using the MATLAB 2017a programming tool. Simulation results show that the proposed methodology outperforms the existing DSME-GTS approaches in terms of performance metrics such as packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, packet loss ratio, throughput, delay, bandwidth utilization, and the energy consumption.

show abstract

A Novel Synchronous MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks with Performance Analysis

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

Optimized backoff scheme for prioritized data in wireless sensor networks: A class of service approach

Optimized backoff scheme for prioritized data in wireless sensor networks: A class of service approach

An Efficient Superframe Structure with Optimal Bandwidth Utilization and Reduced Delay for Internet of Things Based Wireless Sensor Networks

Modeling and analysis of priority and range‐based‐deterministic and synchronous multichannel extension‐guaranteed time slot allocation in IEEE 802.15.4e medium access control protocol

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