A Novel Sperm-Activating and Attracting Factor from the Ascidian <i>Ascidia sydneiensis</i>

Matsumori, Nobuaki; Hiradate, Yuki; Shibata, Hajime; Oishi, Tohru; Shimma, Shuichi; Toyoda, Michisato; Hayashi, Fumiaki; Yoshida, Manabu; Murata, Michio; Morisawa, Masaaki

doi:10.1021/ol303172n

Cited by 17 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…912 A sperm activation and attractant 1135 was isolated from egg seawater of Ascidia sydneiensis; structure elucidation by NMR and MS was performed on 2.6 mg (4 nmol) of material. 913 The proposed planar and stereo structure of 1135 was supported by the synthesis of model compounds. The structure of this sperm attractant is very similar to that previously reported from Ciona intestinalis and C. savignyi.…”

Section: Molluscsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Marine natural products

et al. 2015

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This review covers the literature published in 2013 for marine natural products (MNPs), with 982 citations (644 for the period January to December 2013) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, mangroves and other intertidal plants and microorganisms. The emphasis is on new compounds (1163 for 2013), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Reviews, biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that lead to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included.

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Section: Molluscsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Marine natural products

et al. 2015

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“…This behavior is also mediated by [Ca 2+ ] i 18 . In the sperm of the ascidian, Ciona intestinalis , the sperm-activating and attracting factor (SAAF), which is a sulfate-conjugated hydroxysteroid 19 – 21 , mediates both activation of sperm motility and chemotaxis 3 , 19 , 22 . The phenomena requires extracellular Ca 2+ 3 , 23 , 24 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ca2+ efflux via plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase mediates chemotaxis in ascidian sperm

Yoshida

Shiba

Sakamoto

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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When a spermatozoon shows chemotactic behavior, transient [Ca2+]i increases in the spermatozoon are induced by an attractant gradient. The [Ca2+]i increase triggers a series of stereotypic responses of flagellar waveforms that comprise turning and straight-swimming. However, the molecular mechanism of [Ca2+]i modulation controlled by the attractants is not well defined. Here, we examined receptive mechanisms for the sperm attractant, SAAF, in the ascidian, Ciona intestinalis, and identified a plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA) as a SAAF-binding protein. PMCA is localized in sperm flagella membranes and seems to interact with SAAF through basic amino acids located in the second and third extracellular loops. ATPase activity of PMCA was enhanced by SAAF, and PMCA inhibitors, 5(6)-Carboxyeosin diacetate and Caloxin 2A1, inhibited chemotactic behavior of the sperm. Furthermore, Caloxin 2A1 seemed to inhibit efflux of [Ca2+]i in the sperm, and SAAF seemed to competitively reduce the effect of Caloxin 2A1. On the other hand, chemotactic behavior of the sperm was disordered not only at low-Ca2+, but also at high-Ca2+ conditions. Thus, PMCA is a potent candidate for the SAAF receptor, and direct control of Ca2+ efflux via PMCA is a fundamental mechanism to mediate chemotactic behavior in the ascidian spermatozoa.

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“…In many animals, sperm motility activation is regulated by extracellular cues such as changes in viscosity or pH (Yoshida, Kawano, & Yoshida, ). Ascidians control motility activation using a sulfated steroid secreted by the egg (Izumi, Marian, Inaba, Oka, & Morisawa, ; Matsumori et al, ; Yoshida, Murata, Inaba, & Morisawa, ), whereas fish and amphibians control motility activation via changes in intracellular pH, calcium or cAMP (Cherr et al, ; Ingermann, Holcomb, Zuccarelli, Kanuga, & Cloud, ; Ohta, Kubo, Nakauchi, & Watanabe, ; Takayama‐Watanabe, Campanella, Kubo, & Watanabe, ; Takei, Mukai, & Okuno, ; Tholl et al, ; Watanabe et al, ; Watanabe, Takayama‐Watanabe, Vines, & Cherr, ; Zilli, Schiavone, Storelli, & Vilella, ; Zilli et al, ). In some organisms, chemical factors that activate sperm motility are released by the egg and, therefore, represent the first communication between sperm and egg.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culex pipiens sperm motility is initiated by a trypsin‐like protease from male accessory glands

Stephens

Cardullo

Thaler

2018

Molecular Reproduction Devel

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In most animals, sperm are stored in a quiescent state in the male reproductive tract and only initiate motility when released into either the female reproductive tract, or, in the case of broadcast spawners, the external environment. Male accessory gland secretions transferred into the female reproductive tract may provide factors that modulate sperm viability and storage, or aid in sperm competition, as well as activate sperm motility. In several insects, serine proteases have been implicated in activating sperm motility. Our previous studies have shown that, in Culex quinquefasciatus, either a male accessory gland extract or purified trypsin is sufficient to initiate sperm motility in vitro. The objective of this study was to identify and characterize trypsin-like enzymes produced in the Culex male accessory glands. Mass spectrometry was used to analyze accessory gland proteins and this preliminary proteomic analysis identified 4 trypsin-like proteases (trypsin, trypsin4, and two trypsin7 isoforms). When measured with the chromogenic trypsin substrate N -benzoyl-L-arginine-ethyl-ester-hydrochloride (BAEE), trypsin-like protease activity in the accessory glands was robust, with a pH optimum of 8. The pH range for the Culex trypsin activity was substantially narrower than a mammalian homologue (porcine pancreatic trypsin). A soybean trypsin inhibitor (SBTI) -agarose affinity column was used to independently identify trypsin-like accessory gland proteins. Several proteins were enriched in the eluate, as detected by silver staining of SDS-PAGE gels. Taken together, these data demonstrate the presence of trypsin-like activity and several trypsin-like proteins in the Culex male accessory glands.

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A Novel Sperm-Activating and Attracting Factor from the Ascidian Ascidia sydneiensis

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Marine natural products

Marine natural products

Ca2+ efflux via plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase mediates chemotaxis in ascidian sperm

Culex pipiens sperm motility is initiated by a trypsin‐like protease from male accessory glands

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