A novel scheme for mitigation of energy hole problem in wireless sensor network for military application

Behera, Trupti Mayee; Mohapatra, Sushanta Kumar

doi:10.1002/dac.4886

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…It is evident from the number of studies that the hot-spot problem has been a significant issue that has been targeted predominantly over the last few years. 24,25,27,37 However, the selection of CH in such routing architecture still requires research attention. The inclusion of energy-efficient CH selection parameters requires additional research focus, and meta-heuristic methods are ideal for this task.…”

Section: Research Gapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel optimized routing technique to mitigate hot‐spot problem (NORTH) for wireless sensor network‐based Internet of Things

Yadav

Poongoodi

2022

Int J Communication

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Summary Technological advancements in the area of the Internet of Things have fostered the development of multi‐hop architectures pertaining to applications seeking large network areas. However, while exploiting such applications, the sensor devices being used are made to communicate through multi‐hop routing techniques, burdening the relay nodes. Hence, it leads to a hot‐spot problem, as the nodes passing on the data, that is, relay nodes, consume their energy at a large magnitude. To solve this issue, in this paper, we propose a novel optimized routing technique to mitigate hot‐spot problem (NORTH) for wireless sensor network (WSN)‐based IoT. We employ the tunicate swarm algorithm (TSA) to optimize the cluster‐based routing, specifically the selection of cluster head (CH) of each cluster by using some novel parameters. These parameters include energy status, a distance of a node from the sink and other nodes, load balancing, node proximity, and average energy stock of the network. We investigate two network scenarios, that is, when a sink is placed inside the network and otherwise, to give an optimized solution for every case. Further, to mitigate the hot‐spot problem, the relay node is selected in a cluster with the same mechanism as CH, which performs the task of data forwarding. The simulation analysis of NORTH reveals the supremacy of the proposed work against the recently proposed algorithms, based on various performance metrics, namely, network longevity, stability duration, throughput, and the network's remaining energy.

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Section: Research Gapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is evident from the number of studies that the hot‐spot problem has been a significant issue that has been targeted predominantly over the last few years 24,25,27,37 . However, the selection of CH in such routing architecture still requires research attention.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel optimized routing technique to mitigate hot‐spot problem (NORTH) for wireless sensor network‐based Internet of Things

Yadav

Poongoodi

2022

Int J Communication

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“…However, the limited energy availability at sensor nodes poses a significant barrier to the development and operation of WSNs [9], [10], [11]. Consequently, the investigation into energy optimization has become a crucial area of research aimed at extending the operational lifespan of these networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LEACH Protocol with Angular Area Routing: Boosting Energy Efficiency and QoS in Wireless Sensor Networks

Haidar Hari,

Sholihul Hadi,

Sujito

2024

IJCDS

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Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) stand as a vital component in contemporary wireless technology. The endurance of nodes within WSNs significantly influences system efficiency. This study delves into five energy management and node longevity strategies: Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH), LEACH-C, TS-I-LEACH, LEACH-Enh-DVHOP, and an original method proposed herein. Graphical analysis underscores the marked enhancement of the proposed method in sustaining active nodes over rounds, notably in initial phases compared to other methods. A pivotal innovation lies in employing angular area-based routing, augmenting resource allocation and energy efficiency. Moreover, the study introduces a node's probability to serve as a Cluster Head (CH), leveraging the refined threshold formula "T A(i)," contingent on its distance from the base station and the midpoint of the represented zone, denoted by "δ(i)". This approach offers a novel means to bolster node longevity in WSNs while optimizing energy usage. Furthermore, the study evaluates the time required to reach the point where all nodes are depleted of energy, referred to as the "All Node Die" metric, against the number of rounds (r). LEACH-Enh-DVHOP (the previous study) exhibits a 63.14% increase in energy efficiency over LEACH Original, while in this study, Proposed (This Paper) demonstrates a 3.10% improvement over LEACH-Enh-DVHOP. Additionally, an enhancement in Quality of Service (QoS) is observed. The packet delivery ratio increases by 200% compared to LEACH Original for LEACH-Enh-DVHOP and by 383.3% for Proposed (This Paper) compared to LEACH-Enh-DVHOP (previous study). The study's outcomes are poised to advance WSN technology in the future significantly, redefining energy management paradigms and enriching node sustainability in wireless networks.

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“…One solution proposed in this area is to use several fixed sinks in the wireless sensor network. However, the use of multiple sinks is not commonly used due to the high cost and limitations of installing sinks in military environments (in military applications, the sink must necessarily be present at a safe point in the network) [8]. Another solution was introduced in research [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improve geo-routing in mobile multi-step networks using a two-tier cloud

Karimi

Gandomi

2022

Preprint

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One of the challenges in the field of sensor networks is how to route and transmit information collected in the nodes of these networks. Since these networks are limited in terms of the amount of available energy, it is not possible to use the proposed methods for other networks in the sensor network. One of the goals of this project is to reduce multi-step communication to send information to the sink by focusing on delay-sensitive data. It also reduced the two types of energy consumption, namely the average energy loss of network nodes and the maximum network energy consumption by providing a solution in network routing, using fixed and mobile sinks. One of the problems of using a fixed sink is the lack of access to blind spots in the network. In such networks, several nodes are usually unable to send data to a fixed sink due to energy depletion. Although the mobile sink method improves energy efficiency and reduces end-to-end delays, the main problem with this method is waiting for a mobile sink to send information. The model presented in this project is the use of fixed and mobile sinks and a mechanism for clustering the network using the BSK-Means algorithm and connecting the cluster using the head to the sink in two levels. In this way, in addition to the segmentation, the network is divided into several zones and in each zone there is a super-node, each header sends its information through the sub-node in its area according to the priority queues. Finally, we will have a large reduction in energy loss, increase network life, reduce end-to-end latency and increase data delivery rate to the sink while maintaining service quality.

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A novel scheme for mitigation of energy hole problem in wireless sensor network for military application

Cited by 16 publications

References 35 publications

A novel optimized routing technique to mitigate hot‐spot problem (NORTH) for wireless sensor network‐based Internet of Things

A novel optimized routing technique to mitigate hot‐spot problem (NORTH) for wireless sensor network‐based Internet of Things

LEACH Protocol with Angular Area Routing: Boosting Energy Efficiency and QoS in Wireless Sensor Networks

Improve geo-routing in mobile multi-step networks using a two-tier cloud

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