“…Aside from masks and their waste management, Mondal and Roy (2021) designed a production–distribution model to distribute required items for COVID-19 to hospitals concerning the minimizing time and backlogged works to increase people’s satisfaction. In the HRL network, distributing foods, along with relief items, plays a pivotal role, which is considered in Azani et al (2022) . In this study, food is allocated to reduce the virus transmission and people’s communication.…”
“…Aside from masks and their waste management, Mondal and Roy (2021) designed a production–distribution model to distribute required items for COVID-19 to hospitals concerning the minimizing time and backlogged works to increase people’s satisfaction. In the HRL network, distributing foods, along with relief items, plays a pivotal role, which is considered in Azani et al (2022) . In this study, food is allocated to reduce the virus transmission and people’s communication.…”
“…A kernel-search heuristic-based ε-constraint approach was devised to tackle the problem and achieve an approximate Pareto front. Azani et al ( 2022 ) described an MINLP optimization model for dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic’s influence on the food supply network using Food Hubs (FHs). GAMS software was used to solve the proposed model, and GA was used for larger problems.…”
There is increasing attention to the sustainable development of supply chain (SC) and reverse logistics (RL) in the contemporary competitive economy, notably in the food sector, by scholars and stakeholders. This study investigates a sustainable closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) for fish due to its high value in the family food basket, its perishability, and the importance of waste product recycling. A multi-objective mathematical model is developed under uncertainty and sustainability criteria to optimize production rates with the aim of better distribution among different demand markets, total costs, social issues, and negative environmental effects (e.g., CO
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emissions and unused/waste products). A combination of exact, meta-heuristic, and hybrid meta-heuristic algorithms are used to solve the suggested model. Then, the optimal solutions are found using the Taguchi method by evaluating the best initial replies. The solutions are evaluated based on various performance metrics. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the “filtering/displaced ideal solution” methods determine the best solution approach. Moreover, a case study with a trout CLSC in Northern Iran is examined. In addition, the Lingo software utilizes the ε-constraint method to evaluate and check the performance of the algorithms under different levels of uncertainty. Finally, sensitivity analyses are carried out to confirm the efficacy of the proposed algorithms. The findings demonstrate the proposed network’s outstanding consistency with the algorithms used and its application and efficiency.
“…Jiang et al (2020) designed a closed-loop sustainable supply chain network by presenting a biobjective mathematical model that includes social and economic aspects of sustainability. Azani et al (2022) discussed a scenario-based bi-objective model for a sustainable food supply chain during COVID-19. Sinha and Modak (2021) reviewed supply chain studies, recycling, reuse and re-manufacturing in a review article.…”
PurposeThis paper deals with the combined management and design of a sustainable pharmaceutical supply chain network with considering recycling.Design/methodology/approachThis paper first utilizes the analytical hierarchy process to select and rank green manufacturers. Second, the authors proposed a multi-objective nonlinear mathematical model to design a sustainable pharmaceutical supply chain network. The proposed model has been linearized and solved using the LP-metric method using GAMS software.FindingsA real case study has been conducted in Iran. The results show that environmental and social issues can be improved while minimizing total costs.Originality/valueGiven the criticality and importance of drugs in human health and the importance of recycling in today's world, proper management and design of a sustainable drug supply chain are necessary. This study pays special attention to environmental issues by utilizing multi-criteria decision approaches and customer satisfaction.
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