“…Nonfluorescent and colorless rhodamine spirolactam or spirolactone derivatives will change color to pink and emit fluorescence once the spirolactam/lactone ring is opened. ,, Researchers have taken advantage of this characteristic and applied rhodamine and its related derivatives to many fields, including applications in biological markers and bioimaging. − For instance, rhodamine derivatives have been extensively used as fluorescent chemosensors to sense biologically and environmentally related metal ions (Cu 2+ , Hg 2+ , Zn 2+ , Pd 2+ , etc. ) − to detect pH , and to monitor enzyme activity. − Compared with other sensing methods, fluorescent probes can be easily introduced into the system and are highly sensitive and selective . For these reasons, fluorescence imaging is excellent in providing real-time imaging in cells. , In this work, we use an inexpensive rhodamine dye, rhodamine B (RhB), as a model for xanthene dyes because its derivatives have been extensively applied in many areas. ,, …”