A Novel Reactive Lamination Process for the Generation of Functional Multilayer Foils for Optical Applications

Schuler, Anne-Katrin; Rother, Raimund; Prucker, Oswald; Müller, Claas; Reinecke, Holger; Rühe, Jürgen

doi:10.1016/j.protcy.2014.09.066

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…We demonstrate here, for the first time to our knowledge, that utilizing a reactive lamination agent based on PMMA copolymers containing photoreactive 2-acryloyloxyanthraquinone (PMMA-co-AOAQ) repeat units, which has been presented previously 16 in a more general context, leads to mechanically stable, functioning waveguides with a high process repeatability which could allow lowcost and large-scale production of embedded waveguides using commercially available polymers. We present results from optical characterization measurements and delamination tests to investigate the performance and mechanical stability of the fabricated waveguides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…However, lamination of COP and PMMA polymers using a reactive lamination agent based on PMMA copolymers containing 2-acryloyloxyanthraquinone (AOAQ) moieties, which are incorporated in the polymer backbone, was demonstrated 16 recently. There, the "glue" layer was coated onto the COP substrate and activated through UV-irradiation.…”

Section: Waveguide Materials and Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, the activated agent inserts into aliphatic CH-bonds of the COP film, building a covalent connection between the COP and the attached PMMA layer. 16 Additionally, COP and PMMA are chemically rather different and, therefore, are immiscible, which is why a diffusion of the PMMA-based reactive lamination agent into the COP core material can be excluded. Since the authors reported satisfactory success on bonding these two materials, we adapted the reactive lamination agent to the roll-to-roll production of embedded waveguides.…”

Section: Waveguide Materials and Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Manufacturing of embedded multimode waveguides by reactive lamination of cyclic olefin polymer and polymethylmethacrylate

Kelb

Rother²,

Schuler³

et al. 2016

Opt. Eng

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Abstract. We demonstrate the manufacturing of embedded multimode optical waveguides through linking of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) foils and cyclic olefin polymer (COP) filaments based on a lamination process. Since the two polymeric materials cannot be fused together through interdiffusion of polymer chains, we utilize a reactive lamination agent based on PMMA copolymers containing photoreactive 2-acryloyloxyanthraquinone units, which allows the creation of monolithic PMMA-COP substrates through C-H insertion reactions across the interface between the two materials. We elucidate the lamination process and evaluate the chemical link between filament and foils by carrying out extraction tests with a custom-built tensile testing machine. We also show attenuation measurements of the manufactured waveguides for different manufacturing parameters. The lamination process is in particular suited for large-scale and low-cost fabrication of board-level devices with optical waveguides or other micro-optical structures, e.g., optofluidic devices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Waveguide Materials and Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Waveguide Materials and Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Manufacturing of embedded multimode waveguides by reactive lamination of cyclic olefin polymer and polymethylmethacrylate

Kelb

Rother²,

Schuler³

et al. 2016

Opt. Eng

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Additionally, polymers might have high absorbance in the UV area or, as is the case for most conventional polymers, significant amounts of UV absorbers are added to ensure sufficient photostability to the materials . Photostabilizers are an important additive for most commercial polymers . Accordingly, it is interesting to investigate photoreactive substances that can be activated and used in photo-crosslinking reactions with longer wavelength UV irradiation, preferably close to the visible region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photo-Crosslinking of Thioxanthone Group Containing Copolymers for Surface Modification and Bioanalytics

Zunker

Rühe

2020

Macromolecules

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We report on the synthesis of photoreactive copolymers with high reactivity toward UV irradiation at λ = 365 nm. To this, first thioxanthone moieties are incorporated into polymer chains via free radical polymerization. Then, upon brief UV irradiation, the thioxanthone moieties become activated and through a (formal) C,Hinsertion crosslinking (CHic), polymer networks are formed. When the photopolymer is coated onto a material containing CH groups, the network becomes simultaneously covalently attached to its surface. As the reactivity of thioxanthone photosensitizers is strongly enhanced by activator substances, tertiary amines in particular, copolymers with and without a built-in activator (2-dimethylaminoethyl) methacrylate, are generated. The efficiency and the kinetics of the formation of surfaceattached networks on various substrates are studied. To demonstrate the potential of the described systems for biomedical applications, they are used to manufacture functional beads that can be used for immunoassays.

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“…Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed device as a sensor for respiratory monitoring, included in a medical oxygen mask. The absence of metallic or electronic parts allows the application of the sensor near or inside an MRI device, while the polymer-only approach opens the path for mass-production using a combination of either lamination or hot-embossing and spray-coating techniques, as shown in [13]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PDMAA Hydrogel Coated U-Bend Humidity Sensor Suited for Mass-Production

Kelb

Körner

Prucker

et al. 2017

Sensors

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We present a full-polymer respiratory monitoring device suited for application in environments with strong magnetic fields (e.g., during an MRI measurement). The sensor is based on the well-known evanescent field method and consists of a 1 mm plastic optical fiber with a bent region where the cladding is removed and the fiber is coated with poly-dimethylacrylamide (PDMAA). The combination of materials allows for a mass-production of the device by spray-coating and enables integration in disposable medical devices like oxygen masks, which we demonstrate here. We also present results of the application of an autocorrelation-based algorithm for respiratory frequency determination that is relevant for real applications of the device.

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A Novel Reactive Lamination Process for the Generation of Functional Multilayer Foils for Optical Applications

Cited by 10 publications

References 20 publications

Manufacturing of embedded multimode waveguides by reactive lamination of cyclic olefin polymer and polymethylmethacrylate

Manufacturing of embedded multimode waveguides by reactive lamination of cyclic olefin polymer and polymethylmethacrylate

Photo-Crosslinking of Thioxanthone Group Containing Copolymers for Surface Modification and Bioanalytics

PDMAA Hydrogel Coated U-Bend Humidity Sensor Suited for Mass-Production

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