A novel preliminary study on microwave characterization of Siamese Mangoes ripeness at K-Band

Ramli, A.S.; Baba, Noor Hasimah; Saad, Hasnida

doi:10.1109/rfm.2008.4897370

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The approach has been thoroughly studied in other fields, like civil engineering, where much of the research has centered on concrete [19], [20]. Researchers in the field of food technology have used MNDT to identify fruit states and assess their freshness [21]. In other studies, liquids like oil and animal fats have been characterized using the MNDT [22], [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pearson Correlation and Multiple Correlation Analyses of the Animal Fat S-Parameter

Ikhwan,

Mansor,

Khan

et al. 2024

TEM Journal

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In specialised food products, the detection and identification of various sources of oils and fats are essential. Consumers are concerned about the adulteration of vegetable oils to avoid health problems and the risk of developing heart disease. There were a few cases where less expensive animal fat, in particular pork fat, was found in halal meals. The limitations of conventional methods for detecting pork in other meats can be overcome with the use of non-destructive methods. This study reveals the feasibility of using the microwave non-destructive testing method to identify animal fats. In the frequency between 8 GHz and 12 GHz, the microwave non-destructive testing method was used to obtain the S-parameters of the chicken, beef, and pork fats in the form of raw, baked, and oil. Single and multiple correlation analyses were then performed to identify the relationship between the animal fats and to differentiate them. The results of the Pearson correlation analysis show that for all animal fats, both raw and baked fat had a higher correlation value, which indicated they have the same or similar features. The different correlation values obtained from the multiple correlation analysis demonstrated that animal fats have distinct features, regardless of whether they are raw, baked, or liquid forms. The multiple correlation analysis is a more suitable technique to detect animal fats compared to the Pearson correlation analysis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pearson Correlation and Multiple Correlation Analyses of the Animal Fat S-Parameter

Ikhwan,

Mansor,

Khan

et al. 2024

TEM Journal

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“…The work in [16] utilized a free space technique to characterize ripeness of mango but sample of mango must be prepared in a planar sample holder. Therefore, it is unsuitable in practice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectric Properties Determination of a Stratified Medium

Yoiyod¹,

Krairiksh²

2015

RADIOENGINEERING

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The method of detection of variation in dielectric properties of a material covered with another material, which requires nondestructive measurement, has numerous applications and the accurate measurement system is desirable. This paper presents a dielectric properties determination technique whereby the dielectric constant and loss factor are extracted from the measured reflection coefficient. The high frequency reflection coefficient shows the effect of the upper layer, while the dielectric properties of the lower layer can be determined at the lower frequency. The proposed technique is illustrated in 1-11 GHz band using 5 mm-thick water and 5% saline solution. The fluctuation of the dielectric properties between the high frequency and the low frequency, results from the edge diffraction in the material and the multiple reflections at the boundary of the two media, are invalid results. With the proposed technique, the dielectric properties of the lower layer can be accurately determined. The system is validated by measurement and good agreement is obtained at the frequency below 3.5 GHz. It can be applied for justifying variation of the material in the lower layer which is important in industrial process.

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