A novel pixel-wise authentication-based self-embedding fragile watermarking method

Gül, Ertuğrul; Öztürk, Serkan

doi:10.1007/s00530-021-00751-3

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…E. Gul and S. Ozturk [26] Proposed used fragile watermarking pixel-wise authentication to detect and recover tamper location. divided the image into four blocks, each split into two sub-blocks with sizes of 2×4 or 4×2.…”

Section: A Spatial Domainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey: Recent Techniques of Image Fragile Watermarking

2022

IJCCCE

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Ease of access to digital images and the many images editing programs available, like photoshop. All this makes the Issue of protecting images against modification becomes essential. Some images contain crucial information that can risk a patient's life, such as medical images and e-government images that relate to citizen information and state or ministry security. The watermark was one of the essential methods for this type of protection, especially the fragile watermark, which is very sensitive to any attack. Because of its other characteristics, it was one of the techniques that proved its efficiency in detecting tampering and the authenticity of images—also, watermarking focuses on protecting the image itself, not about protecting the secret message. A fragile watermark is a watermarking which inserts some information to cover an image to secure it .fragile watermarking could use in such a way and implement in spatial or frequency domain or in both so, making it a hybrid watermarking scheme. The Paper presented set of fragile watermark techniques used by the researchers with the performance metrics of an algorithm used in spatial and frequency domains, also showing how to use artificial intelligence with a watermarking technique to protect Document images from manipulation and forgery. Index Terms— fragile watermark, spatial domain, frequncy domain

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Section: A Spatial Domainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey: Recent Techniques of Image Fragile Watermarking

2022

IJCCCE

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“…In general, image watermarking techniques can be categorized as robust, semi-fragile and fragile [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Robust watermarks are designed to survive image processing operations, such as scaling, cropping, filtering, and compression [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ], and are usually used for copyright protection to declare ownership.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fragile Image Watermarking Scheme in DWT Domain Using Chaotic Sequences and Error-Correcting Codes

Ramos

Artiles

Chaves

et al. 2023

Entropy

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With the rapid development of digital signal processing tools, image contents can be easily manipulated or maliciously tampered with. Fragile watermarking has been largely used for content authentication purposes. This article presents a new proposal for image fragile watermarking algorithms for tamper detection and image recovery. The watermarked bits are obtained from the parity bits of an error-correcting code whose message is formed from a binary chaotic sequence (generated from a secret key known to all legitimate users) and from bits of the original image. Part of the codeword (the chaotic bits) is perfectly known to these users during the extraction phase, adding security and robustness to the watermarking method. The watermarked bits are inserted at specific sub-bands of the discrete wavelet transform of the original image and are used as authentication bits for the tamper detection process. The imperceptibility, detection, and recovery of this algorithm are tested for various common attacks over digital images. The proposed algorithm is analyzed for both grayscale and colored images. Comparison results reveal that the proposed technique performs better than some existing methods.

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“…These watermarking methods are used for manipulation detection and content authentication. On the other hand, fragile methods have been presented to detect any slight modification of the image 11 . These watermarking methods are mainly used for image integrity and tampering localization applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A blind robust color image watermarking method based on discrete wavelet transform and discrete cosine transform using grayscale watermark image

Gül

2022

Concurrency and Computation

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With the rapid development of internet technology, digital images are easily accessed and tampered by unauthorized users. Therefore, copyright of color images has become an important challenge in nowadays. Robust color image watermarking methods have emerged to provide copyright. However, robust watermarking methods must satisfy the requirements such as robustness, imperceptibility, capacity, and security. Therefore, researchers are focused on methods using grayscale watermark instead of the binary watermark to increase capacity. Grayscale watermark based robust color image watermarking methods are mostly semi-blind and non-blind. However, these methods have limited utilization areas since the original image, original watermark, or side information is required. To address these drawbacks, we propose a blind robust color image watermarking method using grayscale watermark. In the proposed watermark embedding procedure, one-level discrete wavelet transform is performed on the Cb color component. Then, scrambled watermark pixels are hidden into coefficients of 4 × 4 discrete cosine transform (DCT) matrices of LL subband by using dividing-based new watermark embedding formula. In the watermark extracting procedure, watermark pixels are extracted from coefficients of DCT matrices by using dividing-based extracting formula. The performance is demonstrated against various attacks and experimental results indicate that the presented method ensures robustness while preserving imperceptibility.

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A novel pixel-wise authentication-based self-embedding fragile watermarking method

Cited by 22 publications

References 33 publications

Survey: Recent Techniques of Image Fragile Watermarking

Survey: Recent Techniques of Image Fragile Watermarking

A Fragile Image Watermarking Scheme in DWT Domain Using Chaotic Sequences and Error-Correcting Codes

A blind robust color image watermarking method based on discrete wavelet transform and discrete cosine transform using grayscale watermark image

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