A novel optic flow pattern speeds split-belt locomotor adaptation

Finley, James M.; Statton, Matthew A.; Bastian, Amy J.

doi:10.1152/jn.00513.2013

Cited by 36 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Over several minutes of split-belt walking, interlimb parameters such as step length symmetry and double support time adapt (Reisman et al, 2005). Step length symmetry adaptation is a robust finding replicated in stroke survivors (Reisman et al 2007; Reisman et al 2013), Parkinson’s disease patients (Roemmich et al 2014a; Roemmich et al 2014b), and many conditions in healthy subjects (Malone, Bastian, 2010; Torres-Oviedo, Bastian, 2012; Torres-Oviedo, Bastian, 2010; Finley et al, 2014). During split-belt walking, ground reaction forces (GRF) exhibit predictive changes at initial contact, although vertical GRF in single support and propulsive GRF changes immediately, indicating reactive control (Mawase et al, 2013; Ogawa et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Two biomechanical strategies for locomotor adaptation to split-belt treadmill walking in subjects with and without transtibial amputation

Selgrade

Toney

Chang

2017

Journal of Biomechanics

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Locomotor adaptation is commonly studied using split-belt treadmill walking, in which each foot is placed on a belt moving at a different speed. As subjects adapt to split-belt walking, they reduce metabolic power, but the biomechanical mechanism behind this improved efficiency is unknown. Analyzing mechanical work performed by the legs and joints during split-belt adaptation could reveal this mechanism. Because ankle work in the step-to-step transition is more efficient than hip work, we hypothesized that control subjects would reduce hip work on the fast belt and increase ankle work during the step-to-step transition as they adapted. We further hypothesized that subjects with unilateral, trans-tibial amputation would instead increase propulsive work from their intact leg on the slow belt. Control subjects reduced hip work and shifted more ankle work to the step-to-step transition, supporting our hypothesis. Contrary to our second hypothesis, intact leg work, ankle work and hip work in amputees were unchanged during adaptation. Furthermore, all subjects increased collisional energy loss on the fast belt, but did not increase propulsive work. This was possible because subjects moved further backward during fast leg single support in late adaptation than in early adaptation, compensating by reducing backward movement in slow leg single support. In summary, subjects used two strategies to improve mechanical efficiency in split-belt walking adaptation: a CoM displacement strategy that allows for less forward propulsion on the fast belt; and, an ankle timing strategy that allows efficient ankle work in the step-to-step transition to increase while reducing inefficient hip work.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Two biomechanical strategies for locomotor adaptation to split-belt treadmill walking in subjects with and without transtibial amputation

Selgrade

Toney

Chang

2017

Journal of Biomechanics

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“…When individuals are initially exposed to walking with the belts moving at different speeds, step length asymmetry is magnified, and asymmetries are observed in both the spatial and temporal domains 12,14–16 . This initial increase in asymmetry provides a stimulus driving individuals to recalibrate their motor commands in a feed-forward manner to reduce asymmetry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Temporal Control Contribute to Step Length Asymmetry During Split-Belt Adaptation and Hemiparetic Gait

Finley

Long

Bastian

et al. 2015

Neurorehabil Neural Repair

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130

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Background Step length asymmetry (SLA) is a common hallmark of gait post-stroke. Though conventionally viewed as a spatial deficit, SLA can result from differences in where the feet are placed relative to the body (spatial strategy), the timing between foot-strikes (step time strategy), or the velocity of the body relative to the feet (step velocity strategy). Objective The goal of this study was to characterize the relative contributions of each of these strategies to SLA. Methods We developed an analytical model that parses SLA into independent step position, step time, and step velocity contributions. This model was validated by reproducing SLA values for twenty-five healthy participants when their natural symmetric gait was perturbed on a split-belt treadmill moving at either a 2:1 or 3:1 belt-speed ratio. We then applied the validated model to quantify step position, step time, and step velocity contributions to SLA in fifteen stroke survivors while walking at their self-selected speed. Results SLA was predicted precisely by summing the derived contributions, regardless of the belt-speed ratio. Although the contributions to SLA varied considerably across our sample of stroke survivors, the step position contribution tended to oppose the other two – possibly as an attempt to minimize the overall SLA. Conclusions Our results suggest that changes in where the feet are placed or changes in interlimb timing could be used as compensatory strategies to reduce overall SLA in stroke survivors. These results may allow clinicians and researchers to identify patient-specific gait abnormalities and personalize their therapeutic approaches accordingly.

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“…Also the visual inputs provide vital information for helping people to modify the walking pattern (Finley, Statton & Bastian, 2014). Some studies have demonstrated that children with DCD may rely more C Palomo-Nieto, M.; Psotta, R.; .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of various visual conditions on the gait cycle in children with different level of motor coordination-a pilot study. [Cómo afectan diferentes condiciones visuales a la marcha en niños con diferente nivel de coordinación motriz- un studio piloto].

Palomo-Nieto¹,

Psotta²,

Agricola³

et al. 2015

rev. int. cienc. deporte

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The importance of vision and the visual control of movement have been addressed in the literature related to motor control. Many studies have demonstrated that children with low motor competence in comparison to their typically developing peers may rely more heavily on vision to perform movements. The aim of the study was to highlight the effects of different visual conditions on motor performance during walking in children with different levels of motor coordination. Participants (n=8, Mean age = 8.5±.5 years) were divided into typical development (TD) and low motor coordination (LMC) group. They were asked to walk along a 10-meter walkway provided by Optojump-Next instrument that was placed in a portable construction (15 x 3 x 2.5m). This construction was surrounded by dark blue fibers in which all participants perceived the same visual information. They walked in a self-selected speed under four visual conditions: full vision (FV), limited vision 150 ms (LV-150), limited vision 100 ms (LV-100) and non-vision (NV). For visual occlusion during walking in LV-150 and LV-100, participants were equipped with Plato Goggles that opened for 150 and 100 ms, respectively, within each 2 sec. Data were analyzed in a two-way mixed between-within ANOVA including 2 (groups: TD vs. LMC) x 4 (visual condition: FV, LV-150, LV-100 & NV) with repeated-measures on the last factor (p≤.05). Results indicated that TD children walked faster and with longer strides than LMC children in which these parameters can influence on different periods of gait cycle including stance and swing phases. Also, perceiving visual information for 150 ms in comparison to 100 ms while walking was enough for similar performance in FV condition. The present findings highlight underlying parameters of gait cycle for walking in TD compared to LMC children are different.Key words: visual information; motor performance; walking pattern; optojump. AbstractCorrespondence/correspondencia: Miriam Palomo-Nieto Faculty of Physical Culture. Palacky University. Olomouc (Czech Republic) Email: miriam.palomo.nieto@gmail.com La importancia de la visión y del control visual en el movimiento es un asunto ampliamente abordado y tratado en la literatura científica referida al control motor. Muchos estudios han demostrado que los niños con un bajo nivel de competencia motriz dependen en mayor medida de la visión para realizar diferentes movimientos respecto de sus iguales. El objetivo de este estudio fue destacar el efecto que diferentes condiciones visuales tenían en el rendimiento motor durante la marcha en niños con diferente nivel de coordinación motriz. Los participantes (n = 8, Ma = 8.5 años sd. ± 0.5) fueron divididos en dos grupos: desarrollo motor típico (TD) y coordinación motora baja (LMC). Los participantes debían andar dentro de un laboratorio portátil (15 x 3 x 2.5m), a lo largo de un pasillo de 10 metros donde se instaló el instrumento Optojump-Next. Dicha construcción, rodeada de una tela óscura, permitía que todos los participantes tuvieran la misma informaci...

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A novel optic flow pattern speeds split-belt locomotor adaptation

Abstract: Finley JM, Statton MA, Bastian AJ. A novel optic flow pattern speeds split-belt locomotor adaptation.

Cited by 36 publications

References 32 publications

Two biomechanical strategies for locomotor adaptation to split-belt treadmill walking in subjects with and without transtibial amputation

Two biomechanical strategies for locomotor adaptation to split-belt treadmill walking in subjects with and without transtibial amputation

Spatial and Temporal Control Contribute to Step Length Asymmetry During Split-Belt Adaptation and Hemiparetic Gait

The effects of various visual conditions on the gait cycle in children with different level of motor coordination-a pilot study. [Cómo afectan diferentes condiciones visuales a la marcha en niños con diferente nivel de coordinación motriz- un studio piloto].

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