A novel nerolidol-rich essential oil from Piper claussenianum modulates Candida albicans biofilm

Abstract

Candidiasis is a major opportunistic fungal infection in humans, and its incidence has increased steadily over the last two decades. Candida albicans, the main species of the genus, has a large arsenal of virulence attributes that contribute to successful infections, such as dimorphism and biofilm formation. The adverse effects of eukaryotic antimicrobial therapies associated with an increase in resistance to the compounds presently available have boosted efforts to improve the therapeutic arsenal against candidiasis with a newer and cheaper range of drugs. In this study, a novel nerolidol-rich essential oil (EO) derived from Piper claussenianum (Miq.) C. DC., Piperaceae, was tested on the growth, transition (yeast to hyphae), formation and stability of biofilms produced by C. albicans. Both inflorescence and leaf EOs were evaluated and revealed MIC values ranging from 0.04 to 0.1 % and 0.2 to 1.26 %, respectively. Furthermore, leaf EO managed to downregulate the yeast-to-hyphae transition by 81 %, as well as reducing biofilm formation by about 30 and 50 % after incubation for 24 and 48 h, respectively. The EO was also able to reduce the viability of pre-formed biofilm by 63.9 %. Finally, the association between the leaf EO and fluconazole was evaluated and revealed an interesting synergistic effect. Taken together, these results demonstrate that this novel compound could be a promising agent and could reinforce the arsenal of therapeutic alternatives for the treatment of candidiasis. Furthermore, it may represent a novel and natural source of nerolidol, which could be of interest pharmaceutically.

Anti-biofilm, anti-hemolysis, and anti-virulence activities of black pepper, cananga, myrrh oils, and nerolidol against Staphylococcus aureus

“…3). During the preparation of this paper, it was reported that cis-nerolidol and transnerolidol at 0.06-1.0 % inhibit biofilm formation by Candida albicans (Curvelo et al 2014). In the present study, cis-nerolidol markedly inhibited S. aureus biofilm at a concentration of 0.01 % (Fig.…”

Essential Oils and Antifungal Activity

“…Taken together, these results demonstrate that this novel compound represent a promising agent and could reinforce the arsenal of therapeutic alternatives for the treatment of candidiasis, also by negatively influencing the formation and stability of biofilm. Recently, Liu et al [ 119 ] studied the activity of formyl-phloroglucinol meroterpenoids, and in particular, eucarobustol E, which at 16 μg/mL, was capable to block the yeast-to-hypha transition and to reduce the cellular surface hydrophobicity of the Candida biofilm cells; this is of particular worth, because relative hydrophobicity is considered as an important pathogenic factor linked to Candida adhesion. The action of the molecule gave rise to a marked reduction of the expressions of some genes involved in the growth of the hypha (EFG1, CPH1, TEC1, EED1, UME6, HGC1) and of the ergosterol biosynthesis; on the contrary, other genes involved in the farnesol synthesis were upregulated.…”

Essential Oils from Neotropical Piper Species and Their Biological Activities

“…C. DC. São Manoel, Castelo, Espírito Santo, Brazil Floral (HD) a Linalool (50.2–54.5%), ( E )-nerolidol (22.7–24.3%) Antileishmanial (promastigotes of L. amazonensis , IC 50 1328 μg/mL) Anticandidal ( C. albicans , MIC 0.04–0.1%) Antiparasitic ( Plasmodium falciparum W2, IC 50 7.9 μg/mL) [ 71 , 73 , 126 ] P. corcovadense (Miq.) C. DC.…”