“…The results showed that the collection efficiency was ∼90% for the bioaerosols containing S. epidermidis with a specific geometric mean diameter of 0.79 µm [71]. Besides, in Figure 6C, a simple microfluidic chip combined with a microfilter achieved a high collection efficiency of 99% for bioaerosols with a diameter < 1 µm [72].…”
Section: Microfluidicsmentioning
confidence: 90%
“…The results showed that the collection efficiency was ∼90% for the bioaerosols containing S. epidermidis with a specific geometric mean diameter of ~0.79 μm [ 71 ]. Besides, in Figure 6 C, a simple microfluidic chip combined with a microfilter achieved a high collection efficiency of 99% for bioaerosols with a diameter < 1 μm [ 72 ]. The microfluidic chips have shown their merits, such as low cost, easy integration, and automatic operation, but their low flow rate and short collection duration lead to the small sampling volume.…”
Section: Bioaerosol Collectionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…(C) The microfluidic chip combined with filtration for collection of bioaerosols. Reprinted with permission from ref [72]…”
As an important route for disease transmission, bioaerosols have received increasing attention. In the past decades, many efforts were made to facilitate the development of bioaerosol monitoring; however, there are still some important challenges in bioaerosol collection and detection. Thus, recent advances in bioaerosol collection (such as sedimentation, filtration, centrifugation, impaction, impingement, and microfluidics) and detection methods (such as culture, molecular biological assay, and immunological assay) were summarized in this review. Besides, the important challenges and perspectives for bioaerosol biosensing were also discussed.
“…The results showed that the collection efficiency was ∼90% for the bioaerosols containing S. epidermidis with a specific geometric mean diameter of 0.79 µm [71]. Besides, in Figure 6C, a simple microfluidic chip combined with a microfilter achieved a high collection efficiency of 99% for bioaerosols with a diameter < 1 µm [72].…”
Section: Microfluidicsmentioning
confidence: 90%
“…The results showed that the collection efficiency was ∼90% for the bioaerosols containing S. epidermidis with a specific geometric mean diameter of ~0.79 μm [ 71 ]. Besides, in Figure 6 C, a simple microfluidic chip combined with a microfilter achieved a high collection efficiency of 99% for bioaerosols with a diameter < 1 μm [ 72 ]. The microfluidic chips have shown their merits, such as low cost, easy integration, and automatic operation, but their low flow rate and short collection duration lead to the small sampling volume.…”
Section: Bioaerosol Collectionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…(C) The microfluidic chip combined with filtration for collection of bioaerosols. Reprinted with permission from ref [72]…”
As an important route for disease transmission, bioaerosols have received increasing attention. In the past decades, many efforts were made to facilitate the development of bioaerosol monitoring; however, there are still some important challenges in bioaerosol collection and detection. Thus, recent advances in bioaerosol collection (such as sedimentation, filtration, centrifugation, impaction, impingement, and microfluidics) and detection methods (such as culture, molecular biological assay, and immunological assay) were summarized in this review. Besides, the important challenges and perspectives for bioaerosol biosensing were also discussed.
“…used LAMP methodology for the detection of both airborne and waterborne pathogens. [ 109 ] The major problem, however, is the handling of gaseous samples as all the reported LOC devices contain a unit of extracting species of interest first in liquid form, and then it is analyzed on the chip. Thus, there is enough scope for the development of MFDs for air monitoring by integrating different innovative technologies.…”
Section: Mfs For Environmental Monitoringmentioning
One of the major challenges for scientists and engineers today is to develop technologies for the improvement of human health in both developed and developing countries. However, the need for cost-effective, high-performance diagnostic techniques is very crucial for providing accessible, affordable, and high-quality healthcare devices. In this context, microfluidic-based devices (MFDs) offer powerful platforms for automation and integration of complex tasks onto a single chip. The distinct advantage of MFDs lies in precise control of the sample quantities and flow rate of samples and reagents that enable quantification and detection of analytes with high resolution and sensitivity. With these excellent properties, microfluidics (MFs) have been used for various applications in healthcare, along with other biological and medical areas. This review focuses on the emerging demands of MFs in different fields such as biomedical diagnostics, environmental analysis, food and agriculture research, etc., in the last three or so years. It also aims to reveal new opportunities in these areas and future prospects of commercial MFDs.
“…Andreas Manz first introduced this approach for analytical chemistry [1], but the whole field of microfluidics significantly expanded when George Whitesides proposed an optically transparent polymer, Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), as a chip device material [2], making it easy to fabricate the chips and visualize the reagents within. Concrete recent examples of applications are detection of rare elements present in blood [3] or water [4].…”
Microfluidic mixing becomes a necessity when thorough sample homogenization is required in small volumes of fluid, such as in lab-on-a-chip devices. For example, efficient mixing is extraordinarily challenging in capillary-filling microfluidic devices and in microchambers with stagnant fluids. To address this issue, specifically designed geometrical features can enhance the effect of diffusion and provide efficient mixing by inducing chaotic fluid flow. This scheme is known as “passive” mixing. In addition, when rapid and global mixing is essential, “active” mixing can be applied by exploiting an external source. In particular, magnetic mixing (where a magnetic field acts to stimulate mixing) shows great potential for high mixing efficiency. This method generally involves magnetic beads and external (or integrated) magnets for the creation of chaotic motion in the device. However, there is still plenty of room for exploiting the potential of magnetic beads for mixing applications. Therefore, this review article focuses on the advantages of magnetic bead mixing along with recommendations on improving mixing in low Reynolds number flows (Re ≤ 1) and in stagnant fluids.
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