A novel methodology providing insights into removal of biofilm‐mimicking hydrogel from lateral morphological features of the root canal during irrigation procedures

Abstract

The biofilm-mimicking hydrogel is reproducible, homogenous and can be easily applied and modified. Visualization of its removal from lateral canal anatomy provides insights into the cleaning mechanisms of UAI for a biofilm-like material. Initial results showed that UAI improves hydrogel removal from the accessory canal anatomy, but the creation of stable bubbles on the hydrogel-liquid interface may reduce the cleaning rate.

Investigations into in situ Enterococcus faecalis biofilm removal by passive and active sodium hypochlorite irrigation delivered into the lateral canal of a simulated root canal model

“…Furthermore, the lateral canal of diameter 250 μm, which is larger than the above‐mentioned range, was used in a previous study to investigate the removal of simulated biofilms from lateral canals (Macedo et al . ).…”

“…Agitation may be applied to aid the dispersal of the irrigant into the root canal system (Macedo et al . ). Agitation techniques for root canal irrigants include either manual agitation (Cecic et al .…”

In-Vitro Evaluation of the Efficacy of PIPS Irrigation System on Disinfection of Type 2 Canal Systems in Molars

“…Eddy currents exist where the two canals merge into one, with a stationary area above which fluid interchange does not occur, leaving microbes present in complex nonseparated systems. This has previously been demonstrated in simulated lateral canals and isthmuses where ultrasonic activation of water or sodium hypochlorite can create stable bubbles, preventing biofilm removal in its entirety [25]. Alternatively, minimal tapered preparations prevent the collection of sufficient microbes in the aliquot from the mesial root canal system.…”

“…Techniques which are commonly used, such as paper point sampling followed by CFU counting can determine general bacterial counting from the coronal third which can exclude information from the apical third, where disinfection is more indicative of irrigation efficiency and more difficult to access. Measurement of the apical third cleanliness has been attempted by direct-access methods, as well as split-model methods, both requiring structural modification of the dentin and apical complexities [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. While the method used in this experiment contains similar shortcomings to the paper point/CFU method with regards to sampling location, it provides expeditious sample collection, reuse of samples in order for the same sample to serve as a control, and a well-known, reliable methodology for bacterial quantification.…”

In vitro methods to study bubble-cell interactions: Fundamentals and therapeutic applications

“…Biofilms, 16,75 which consist of a complex 3D structure allying bacteria, substances secreted by the latter and exogenous proteins coming from the host environment, are found, for instance, on implants and prostheses, in the mouth in the form of dental plaque 76 and in the root canals, 77 or on medical devices. Simply through their impact on surfaces, bubbles which flow in the vicinity of a biofilm have proven to efficiently remove bacterial contamination.…”