A novel method for charge integration in external beam TTPIXE. Application to analyses of biological materials

Lill, Jan‐Olof; Saarela, K.-E.; Hernberg, F. J.; Heselius, S.‐J.; Harju, Leo

doi:10.1016/0168-583x(93)95861-x

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The pellets were irradiated with a 3 MeV proton beam of the Åbo Akademi MGC-20 cyclotron.The emitted X-rays were measured with an IGP (Intrinsic Germanium Planar) detector. This charge was measured by a method developed at this laboratory (Lill et al 1993;Lill 1999). The peak areas in the spectrum were normalised with respect to the integrated charge on the target.…”

Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ivaska and Harju (1999) have given a review of techniques that can be used for analyses of inorganic constituents in wood. This multi-elemental method has been developed in earlier works by our group (Lill et al 1993;Saarela et al 1995;Harju et al 1997;Lill et al 1999) to a sensitive method for determination of trace elements in biological materials. in a microwave oven prior to analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Thick-Target PIXE Analysis of Trace Elements in Wood Incoming to a Pulp Mill

Saarela¹,

Harju²,

Lill³

et al. 2002

Holzforschung

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Trunk-wood samples of wood raw material incoming to a pulp mill were analysed by thick-target particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE). The tree species studied were pine and spruce from Finland, birch from Finland and Poland and eucalyptus from Uruguay. The wood samples were dry ashed to 550°C prior to the analysis in order to increase the sensitivity of the method. The method was calibrated and validated using some wood based certified reference materials. The elements determined with the method were P, S, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, Sr, Rb, Ba and F. The concentrations of the main elements P, S, K, Ca and Mn exceeded 50 ppm in most wood samples. The concentrations of heavy metal ions like Cu, Ni and Pb in the samples studied were below or close to 1 ppm. The ash content of birch, pine and spruce wood were in the range 0.2-0.4% and that of eucalyptus ca 0.5%.

show abstract

Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thick-Target PIXE Analysis of Trace Elements in Wood Incoming to a Pulp Mill

Saarela¹,

Harju²,

Lill³

et al. 2002

Holzforschung

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The beam was collimated to a diameter of 1 mm. The integrated charge on the target was measured indirectly utilizing measurement of light emission induced in air by the particle beam (Lill et al. 1993b).…”

Section: Irradiation Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of trace element profiles in coarse-grained minerals by external millibeam PIXE - A schorl tourmaline study

Lindroos¹,

Lill²,

Saarela³

et al. 1995

Bull Geol Soc Finland

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The thick-target PIXE technique was applied to direct analysis of trace elements in tourmaline minerals. Analyses of these minerals with conventional wet-chemical methods are difficult and time consuming. The PIXE analyses were carried out in air with a collimated proton beam. As the technique was used in combination with a polarizing microscope it provided excellent control over the spots analyzed. A scanning device was developed for remote-controlled spot analyses across the surface of the samples. Several scans were run across polished sections of multicrystal schorl-tourmaline aggregates. Pellets of crushed and ground tourmaline samples were also analyzed. The method was calibrated against USGS standard reference materials. The precision of the method varied between 1 and 10 % and the detection limits were 1-10 ppm for most of the elements analyzed. Different sets of X-ray absorbers were used to improve the sensitivity and reliability of the method for the elements of interest. The concentrations of fourteen elements were calculated from their X-ray yields and the fluorine content was simultaneously determined using the 109.8 keV gamma line. The tourmaline samples were taken from a complex granite pegmatite on the Kimito island in SW Finland. They were found to contain mainly elements with Z < 33 (lighter than As). Relatively high concentrations of Fe, Zn, Ga and F were observed. Zinc was found to be a geochemically important minor element in schorl with a concentration ranging from 0.10 to 0.28 %. The pellets were found to contain inclusions of other minerals.

show abstract