A novel magnetic NiFe₂O₄@graphene–Pd multifunctional nanocomposite for practical catalytic application

Abstract

In this paper, we report a simple, efficient, and facile strategy to prepare a magnetically separable NiFe 2 O 4 @GN-Pd nanocomposite under hydrothermal conditions. This new kind of hybrid material has been fully characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The hybrid is constructed by spherical NiFe 2 O 4 and Pd nanoparticles with the particle sizes in the range of 10-20 nm, which are confined by monolayered GN sheet. The magnetic measurements show that the sample exhibits a typical superparamagnetic behavior, while presents finite coercivity of 9.46 Oe at room temperature. The saturation magnetization of the sample (36.82 emu g À1 ) is significantly lower than that for the reported bulk NiFe 2 O 4 particles (55 emu g À1 ), which also reflects the ultrafine nature of the sample. The as-prepared NiFe 2 O 4 @GN-Pd nanocomposite is an ideal recyclable catalyst for liquid-phase reactions owing to its stability and efficient magnetic separation. The Suzuki coupling reaction is used to demonstrate the catalytic efficiency. Additionally, the catalyst is completely recoverable with the simple application of an external magnetic field and the catalytic efficiency shows no obvious loss even after six repeated cycles. The easy synthesis, good magnetic performance and recoverability of the NiFe 2 O 4 @GN-Pd nanocomposite make it a promising catalytic material.

One‐pot synthesis of magnetic palladium–NiFe2O4–graphene oxide composite: an efficient and recyclable catalyst for Heck reaction

“…Very recently, our group also developed another magnetically recoverable NiFe 2 O 4 @GN-Pd catalyst for the Suzuki reaction. [32] As a comparison, the catalytic activity of NiFe 2 O 4 @GN-Pd and NiFe 2 O 4 @carbon-Pd is lower than that of NiFe 2 O 4 @GO-Pd (Fig. 8).…”

“…Moreover, some studies even used Pd complexes, whose synthesis might be a great challenge for many groups. Very recently, our group also developed another magnetically recoverable NiFe 2 O 4 @GN–Pd catalyst for the Suzuki reaction . As a comparison, the catalytic activity of NiFe 2 O 4 @GN–Pd and NiFe 2 O 4 @carbon–Pd is lower than that of NiFe 2 O 4 @GO–Pd (Fig.…”

“…Magnetically separable nanocomposite materials have emerged as viable alternatives for organic transformations. Besides the facile separation of the catalysts using an external magnetic field, the magnetic nanocomposite matrices also act as stabilizers of metal NPs …”

“…Besides the facile separation of the catalysts using an external magnetic field, the magnetic nanocomposite matrices also act as stabilizers of metal NPs. [28][29][30][31][32] In this contribution, we report a facile one-pot hydrothermal strategy for the synthesis of Pd NPs supported on NiFe 2 O 4 @GO in ethanol-ethylene glycol solvent, schematically illustrated in Fig. 1.…”

Recent Progress in Application of Graphene Supported Metal Nanoparticles in C−C and C−X Coupling Reactions

“…In 2015, Zhao and Liu successfully reported a simple and efficient hydrothermal method for synthesis of a magnetically separable NiFe 2 O 4 @GN‐Pd nanocomposite (Scheme ) as a typical superparamagnetic and ideal recyclable catalyst for liquid‐phase reactions . In this approach, the NiFe 2 O 4 and Pd NPs were nucleated homogeneously on certain sites of GN (graphene) nanosheets through electrostatic attraction but not mechanically mixing.…”