A novel low cost portable integrated solar PV, fuel cell and battery emulator with fast tracking algorithm

Thale, Sushil; Wandhare, Rupesh G.; Agarwal, Vivek

doi:10.1109/pvsc.2014.6925602

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In the emulation mode, a real load is connected to the output of the emulation circuit and the solar model is written to the memory of the microcontroller which generates at runtime an appropriate voltage to drive the load. A similar approach is also presented by other authors which introduce solar panel emulation circuits controlled by means of a LabView PC [16][17][18].…”

Section: Emulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A fast and accurate energy source emulator for wireless sensor networks

et al. 2016

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The capability to either minimize energy consumption in battery-operated devices, or to adequately exploit energy harvesting from various ambient sources, is central to the development and engineering of energy-neutral wireless sensor networks. However, the design of effective networked embedded systems targeting unlimited lifetime poses several challenges at different architectural levels. In particular, the heterogeneity, the variability, and the unpredictability of many energy sources, combined to changes in energy required by powered devices, make it difficult to obtain reproducible testing conditions, thus prompting the need of novel solutions addressing these issues. This paper introduces a novel embedded hardware-software solution aimed at emulating a wide spectrum of energy sources usually exploited to power sensor networks motes. The proposed system consists of a modular architecture featuring small factor form, low power requirements, and limited cost. An extensive experimental characterization confirms the validity of the embedded emulator in terms of flexibility, accuracy, and latency while a case study about the emulation of a lithium battery shows that the hardware-software platform does not introduce any measurable reduction of the accuracy of the model. The presented solution represents therefore a convenient solution for testing large-scale testbeds under realistic energy supply scenarios for wireless sensor networks.

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Section: Emulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A fast and accurate energy source emulator for wireless sensor networks

et al. 2016

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“…Again, the whole system is controlled by means of a desktop computer which takes in the input the current drawn by the powered load and finds the corresponding voltage using a look-up table [8]. Other solutions have been proposed to emulate solar panels [9][10][11], all assuming the use of powerful centralized computing resources (e.g., a personal computer to perform control tasks), which clearly make them unsuitable solutions for wireless networks of embedded devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning the Complexity of Photovoltaic Array Models to Meet Real-time Constraints of Embedded Energy Emulators

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Reproducibility of experimental conditions is a fundamental requirement for designing energy efficient, self-sustainable wireless sensor networks (WSNs). At the same time, it represents a significant challenge because of the variability and the unpredictability of many energy harvesting sources, and because of the dynamic operating conditions of the devices to which energy is supplied. Energy source emulation is considered a suitable solution to enable the exploration of the design space of networked embedded systems. However, in order to guarantee the compatibility with real-time performance of resource-constrained embedded platforms, particular attention has to be paid to the complexity of the models. In this paper, we propose an approach aimed at tuning the complexity of models of photovoltaic (PV) arrays implemented on a target embedded emulator, featuring low cost and small form factor. Experimental results performed on different models of PV array, show that the proposed solution is flexible and accurate enough to meet the real-time constraints of typical sensor networks applications without impairing the precision in the emulation of the energy sources.

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“…There are also problems in variability of environmental parameters, large space requirements, etc. [22]. In the research of batteries, the analysis focuses on areas such as power density, internal resistance, operating temperature, discharge process and life cycle [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They can also be used to emulate fuel cells, photovoltaic systems, thermoelectric generators [28] [29], etc. The emulators can replicate scenarios in stable or dynamic state by loading characteristic curves of voltage and current (VI) of different battery types [22]. Using weather data (wind, sun, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on Technologies to Implement Battery Emulators based on DC/DC Power Converters

Rubén¹,

Gonzalo²,

Pablo³

et al. 2016

Proceedings of the 14th LACCEI International Multi-Conference for Engineering, Education, and Technology: “Engineering Innovati

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Currently, many researchers from industry and academic institutions are working on the study of electric vehicles, battery systems and renewable energy sources (solar, wind, geothermal, etc.). In order to carry out research on each of these technologies it is required large capital investment for equipment. Additionally, problems must be faced such as variability of environmental parameters, large space requirements, pollution (in some cases), etc. The use of software and hardware to emulate different types of actual batteries shows to be a low-cost and environmentally friendly option due to some of its features. The battery emulator system has the ability to replicate the behavior of any kind of actual battery using a virtual battery model (also known as battery electric model) and a controllable DC/DC power converter to be used in laboratory environments. Moreover, emulators are not only used for batteries, these can be used to emulate fuel cells, photovoltaic systems, wind generators, thermoelectric generator, etc. This survey aims to present the technologies to implement battery emulators based on DC/DC power converters. This survey is split up into five sections. In the first section, as an introduction, we present the advantages offered by the use of battery emulators to the scientific community and the environment. The second section presents a review about batteries (technologies, models, model parameters, etc.) and also it includes the virtual battery models, which are the main components of battery emulators based on DC/DC power converters. In the third section, we present the main DC/DC power converter types used in these systems and their operation modes. Additionally, in section 4 are presented some case studies where different topologies battery emulators based on DC/DC power converters with battery model are analyzed. These topologies are focused on their use in electric vehicles (EV).Digital Object Identifier (DOI):http://dx. first section, as an introduction, we present the advantages offered by the use of battery emulators to the scientific community and the environment. The second section presents a review about batteries (technologies, models, model parameters, etc.) Abstract-Currently, many researchers from industry and academic institutions are working on the study of electric vehicles, battery systems and renewable energy sources (solar, wind, geothermal, etc.). In order to carry out research on each of these technologies it is required large capital investment for equipment. Additionally, problems must be faced such as variability of environmental parameters, large space requirements, pollution (in some cases), etc. The use of software and hardware to emulate different types of actual batteries shows to be a low-cost and environmentally friendly option due to some of its features. The battery emulator system has the ability to replicate the behavior of any kind of actual battery using a virtual battery model (also known as battery electric model) and a controllable DC/DC power converte...

show abstract

A novel low cost portable integrated solar PV, fuel cell and battery emulator with fast tracking algorithm

Cited by 17 publications

References 11 publications

A fast and accurate energy source emulator for wireless sensor networks

A fast and accurate energy source emulator for wireless sensor networks

Tuning the Complexity of Photovoltaic Array Models to Meet Real-time Constraints of Embedded Energy Emulators

A Survey on Technologies to Implement Battery Emulators based on DC/DC Power Converters

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