A novel hydrodynamic approach of drag-reducing polymers to improve left ventricular hypertrophy and aortic remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Zhang, Xinlu; Wang, Xu; Feng, Huijuan; Zhou, Jie; Chen, Hai-Bin; Zha, Daogang; Liu, Yili; Guo, Yujin; Zheng, Lemin; Xiu, Jiancheng

doi:10.2147/ijn.s119607

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The adventitia collagen deposition area was about 2.55 times larger than that of the sham group (Figure 1F). Of note, these histological changes induced by TAC are similar to those phenotypes observed in the ascending aorta with AngII infusion (26,27) and in spontaneously hypertensive rats according to our previous study (28).…”

Section: Increased Ascending Aortic Pressure and Remodeling Of The Aosupporting

confidence: 87%

Identification of Transcriptional Variation in Aortic Remodeling Using a Murine Transverse Aortic Constriction (TAC) Model

Zhang

Feng

Zeng

et al. 2020

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Arterial remodeling is a major pathological consequence of hypertension, which is recognized as the most common chronic non-communicable disease. However, the detailed mechanism of how arterial remodeling is induced by hypertension has not yet been fully elucidated. Evaluating the transcriptional changes in arterial tissue in response to elevated blood pressure at an early stage may provide new insights and identify novel therapeutic candidates in preventing arterial remodeling. Here, we used the ascending aorta of the transverse aortic constriction (TAC) model to induce arterial remodeling in C57BL/6 male mice. Age-matched mice were subjected to sham surgery as controls. The TAC model was only considered successful if the mice conformed to the criteria (RC/LC blood flow velocity with 5–10-fold change) 1 week after the surgery. Two weeks after surgery, the ascending aorta developed severe remodeling in TAC mice as compared to the sham group. High throughput sequencing was then applied to identify differentially expressed (DE) transcripts. In silicon analysis were then performed to systematically network transcriptional changes. A total of 1,019 mRNAs were significantly changed between TAC and the sham group at the transcriptional level. GO (Gene Ontology) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) analysis revealed that stress/stimulus/immune-related biological processes played a crucial role during arterial remodeling. Our data provide a comprehensive understanding of global gene expression changes in the TAC model, which suggests that targeting inflammation and vascular smooth cell transformation are potential therapeutic strategies to interfere with the aortic remodeling at an early stage in the development of hypertension.

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Section: Increased Ascending Aortic Pressure and Remodeling Of The Aosupporting

confidence: 87%

Identification of Transcriptional Variation in Aortic Remodeling Using a Murine Transverse Aortic Constriction (TAC) Model

Zhang

Feng

Zeng

et al. 2020

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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“…1−8 Polymer drag reduction (DR) has found application in fluid transport in pipelines, 9 hydrofracking, 10,11 flows in heat exchangers, 12 fire-fighting equipment 13 and medicine. 14 The Trans-Alaskan pipeline is one of the largest demonstrations of polymer-induced drag reduction, with the pipeline pressure drop reduced by 80% when adding low concentrations (∼100 ppm) of a very high-molecularweight polymer. 15 Since the early work of Toms, 16 significant progress has been made in understanding the governing principles of polymer drag reduction.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With global energy demand continuing to increase, significant effort must be made to improve the efficiency of energy-intensive systems and processes. In the pumping of fluids, frictional drag costs energy, which can be reduced by adding very low concentrations of soluble high-molecular-weight polymers to the fluid. − Polymer drag reduction (DR) has found application in fluid transport in pipelines, hydrofracking, , flows in heat exchangers, fire-fighting equipment and medicine . The Trans-Alaskan pipeline is one of the largest demonstrations of polymer-induced drag reduction, with the pipeline pressure drop reduced by 80% when adding low concentrations (∼100 ppm) of a very high-molecular-weight polymer …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer-Induced Drag Reduction in Dilute Newtonian and Semi-Dilute Non-Newtonian Fluids: An Assessment of the Double-Gap Concentric Cylinder Method

Michaelides

Hashlamoun

Charpentier

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Polymer-induced drag reduction (DR) in fluids was studied using a rotational rheometer with double-gap concentric cylinder geometry. Although both polymers (polyacrylamide (PAM) and 2-acrylamido-2methylpropane sulfonic acid (SPAM)) had molecular weights of several MDa, the contrasting polymer charge, nonionic and anionic, led to different polymer overlap concentrations (c*), PAM ≫ SPAM, and fluid rheology, with PAM fluids mostly Newtonian and SPAM fluids non-Newtonian (shearthinning). Based on these differences, it was important to account for the infinite shear viscosity and normalize the polymer concentration by the intrinsic concentration (c int ) so that the DR performance of the two polymer fluids could be accurately compared. Both polymers induced DR, and the maximum DR by SPAM (DR% = 28) was slightly higher than that by PAM (DR% = 22) when Re p ∼ 1700. For PAM, the loss of DR with time diminished at higher polymer concentrations (≥100 ppm, at Re p = 3149) but was found to be sensitive to high Re p , with polymer chain scission the likely cause of the reduced performance. For the semi-dilute SPAM fluids, the shear stability contrasted that of PAM, showing negligible dependence on the polymer concentration and Re p . The apparent rapid loss of DR was predominantly attributed to a time-dependent effect and not polymer degradation. In pipe flow, the maximum DR for SPAM was higher than that measured by rheometry and was attributed to differences in the flow conditions. However, changes in the normalized DR/c with polymer concentration were found to be consistent between the two flow geometries. Furthermore, the high fluid stresses in pipe flow (at high Re p ) led to drag reduction losses consistent with PAM, as the time-dependent effect was not seen.

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“…ET-1 affects hypertension. In addition to the impact on people by raising blood pressure, myocardial hypertrophies and vascular are induced by ET-1, as independent risk elements for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity ( 30 ). It has been shown that over-activated ET-1 can exacerbate both aortic and cardiac remodeling that could be corrected by ET antagonists ( 31 , 32 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radix Cyathula officinalis Kuan inhibits arterial remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats

et al. 2017

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There is still no resolution for arterial remodeling related with hypertension, though hypertension treatment has access to a number of pharmacological agents. The present study aimed at investigating the prevention of Cyathula officinalis Kuan's roots (C. officinalis Kuan) against in arterial remodeling in vitro. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were intragastrically administered 3, 6 or 12 g/kg C. officinalis Kuan or normal saline or enalapril (2.5 mg/kg) once a day for 8 weeks. Hematoxylin and eosin were used to measure blood pressure and stain carotid and arota. The serum concentration of nitric oxide (NO) was measured by NO assay kit (nitrate reductase method). The endothelin-1 transcriptional level, endothelial NO synthase of endothelium as well as angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R) of aorta and carotid was tested by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and the protein level in aorta was also measured by western blotting. The blood pressure in SHR+enalapril, SHR+3 g/kg, SHR+6 g/kg and SHR+12 g/kg C. officinalis Kuan groups was significantly decreased at 4, 6 and 8 weeks post-treatment compared with SHR group. Different doses of C. officinalis Kuan and enalapril treatment showed aortic wall thinness and strengthened NO serum level, but made no impact on the transcriptional level of AT1R in aorta or endothelial NO synthase in carotid. It is suggested by such results that therapy by C. officinalis Kuan is able to fight against arterial remodeling, thus may provide a new means to treat arterial remodeling caused by hypertension.

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A novel hydrodynamic approach of drag-reducing polymers to improve left ventricular hypertrophy and aortic remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

Identification of Transcriptional Variation in Aortic Remodeling Using a Murine Transverse Aortic Constriction (TAC) Model

Identification of Transcriptional Variation in Aortic Remodeling Using a Murine Transverse Aortic Constriction (TAC) Model

Polymer-Induced Drag Reduction in Dilute Newtonian and Semi-Dilute Non-Newtonian Fluids: An Assessment of the Double-Gap Concentric Cylinder Method

Radix Cyathula officinalis Kuan inhibits arterial remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats

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