A novel gene from a secondary metabolism gene cluster is required for microsclerotia formation and virulence in Verticillium dahliae

Xiong, Dan; Wang, Yonglin; Tian, Chengming

doi:10.1186/s42483-019-0039-1

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…The analyses could not link this cluster to any previously known cluster. However, it has been proven that the nag 1 gene identified in this cluster is involved in the pathogenicity of V. dahliae [ 108 ]. Functional analysis of nag 1 by dsRNA-mediated gene silencing showed that the lack of nag 1 exponentially reduced conidial production and fungal growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Based Analysis of Verticillium Polyketide Synthase Gene Clusters

Sayari

Dolatabadian

El-Shetehy

et al. 2022

Biology

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Polyketides are structurally diverse and physiologically active secondary metabolites produced by many organisms, including fungi. The biosynthesis of polyketides from acyl-CoA thioesters is catalyzed by polyketide synthases, PKSs. Polyketides play roles including in cell protection against oxidative stress, non-constitutive (toxic) roles in cell membranes, and promoting the survival of the host organisms. The genus Verticillium comprises many species that affect a wide range of organisms including plants, insects, and other fungi. Many are known as causal agents of Verticillium wilt diseases in plants. In this study, a comparative genomics approach involving several Verticillium species led us to evaluate the potential of Verticillium species for producing polyketides and to identify putative polyketide biosynthesis gene clusters. The next step was to characterize them and predict the types of polyketide compounds they might produce. We used publicly available sequences from ten species of Verticillium including V. dahliae, V. longisporum, V. nonalfalfae, V. alfalfae, V. nubilum, V. zaregamsianum, V. klebahnii, V. tricorpus, V. isaacii, and V. albo-atrum to identify and characterize PKS gene clusters by utilizing a range of bioinformatic and phylogenetic approaches. We found 32 putative PKS genes and possible clusters in the genomes of Verticillium species. All the clusters appear to be complete and functional. In addition, at least five clusters including putative DHN-melanin-, cytochalasin-, fusarielien-, fujikurin-, and lijiquinone-like compounds may belong to the active PKS repertoire of Verticillium. These results will pave the way for further functional studies to understand the role of these clusters.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Based Analysis of Verticillium Polyketide Synthase Gene Clusters

Sayari

Dolatabadian

El-Shetehy

et al. 2022

Biology

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“…To observe the microsclerotia formation, Vd991, Δ VdDrs2 , and Com were cultured for 2 weeks on the CZA plates as described previously ( Xiong et al, 2019 ). The colony samples were directly imaged with a scanning electron microscope S-3400N (Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loss of function of VdDrs2, a P4-ATPase, impairs the toxin secretion and microsclerotia formation, and decreases the pathogenicity of Verticillium dahliae

Ren

Li²,

Li³

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Four P4-ATPase flippase genes, VdDrs2, VdNeo1, VdP4-4, and VdDnf1 were identified in Verticillium dahliae, one of the most devastating phytopathogenic fungi in the world. Knock out of VdDrs2, VdNeo1, and VdP4-4, or knock down of VdDnf1 significantly decreased the pathogenicity of the mutants in cotton. Among the mutants, the greatest decrease in pathogenicity was observed in ΔVdDrs2. VdDrs2 was localized to plasma membrane, vacuoles, and trans-Golgi network (TGN). In vivo observation showed that the infection of the cotton by ΔVdDrs2 was significantly delayed. The amount of two known Verticillium toxins, sulfacetamide, and fumonisin B1 in the fermentation broth produced by the ΔVdDrs2 strain was significantly reduced, and the toxicity of the crude Verticillium wilt toxins to cotton cells was attenuated. In addition, the defect of VdDrs2 impaired the synthesis of melanin and the formation of microsclerotia, and decreased the sporulation of V. dahliae. Our data indicate a key role of P4 ATPases-associated vesicle transport in toxin secretion of disease fungi and support the importance of mycotoxins in the pathogenicity of V. dahliae.

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“…VdMcm1 also controls PKS/NRPs hybrid-cluster gene expression. Deletion of Nag-1 in this cluster results in defects in growth, virulence, and melanin biosynthesis [ 97 ]. The Vayg1 gene, a homolog of Aayg1 from Aspergillus fumigatus (Aayg1), is also required for both melanin and microsclerotia production in V. dahliae [ 93 ].…”

Section: Current Knowledge On Verticillium Dahliae mentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities and Challenges in Studies of Host-Pathogen Interactions and Management of Verticillium dahliae in Tomatoes

Acharya

Ingram

et al. 2020

Plants

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Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) are a valuable horticultural crop that are grown and consumed worldwide. Optimal production is hindered by several factors, among which Verticillium dahliae, the cause of Verticillium wilt, is considered a major biological constraint in temperate production regions. V. dahliae is difficult to mitigate because it is a vascular pathogen, has a broad host range and worldwide distribution, and can persist in soil for years. Understanding pathogen virulence and genetic diversity, host resistance, and plant-pathogen interactions could ultimately inform the development of integrated strategies to manage the disease. In recent years, considerable research has focused on providing new insights into these processes, as well as the development and integration of environment-friendly management approaches. Here, we discuss the current knowledge on the race and population structure of V. dahliae, including pathogenicity factors, host genes, proteins, enzymes involved in defense, and the emergent management strategies and future research directions for managing Verticillium wilt in tomatoes.

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A novel gene from a secondary metabolism gene cluster is required for microsclerotia formation and virulence in Verticillium dahliae

Cited by 5 publications

References 62 publications

Genome-Based Analysis of Verticillium Polyketide Synthase Gene Clusters

Genome-Based Analysis of Verticillium Polyketide Synthase Gene Clusters

Loss of function of VdDrs2, a P4-ATPase, impairs the toxin secretion and microsclerotia formation, and decreases the pathogenicity of Verticillium dahliae

Opportunities and Challenges in Studies of Host-Pathogen Interactions and Management of Verticillium dahliae in Tomatoes

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