Opportunities and Challenges in Studies of Host-Pathogen Interactions and Management of Verticillium dahliae in Tomatoes

Abstract

Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) are a valuable horticultural crop that are grown and consumed worldwide. Optimal production is hindered by several factors, among which Verticillium dahliae, the cause of Verticillium wilt, is considered a major biological constraint in temperate production regions. V. dahliae is difficult to mitigate because it is a vascular pathogen, has a broad host range and worldwide distribution, and can persist in soil for years. Understanding pathogen virulence and genetic diversity, host resistance, and plant-pathogen interactions could ultimately inform the development of integrated strategies to manage the disease. In recent years, considerable research has focused on providing new insights into these processes, as well as the development and integration of environment-friendly management approaches. Here, we discuss the current knowledge on the race and population structure of V. dahliae, including pathogenicity factors, host genes, proteins, enzymes involved in defense, and the emergent management strategies and future research directions for managing Verticillium wilt in tomatoes.

Domates (Solanum lycopersicium L.) Bitkisinde, Verticillium Solgunluğu (Verticillium Dahliae Kleb.) ve Erken Yanıklığı [Alternaria solani (Ell. Ve G. Martin) Sor.] Hastalıklarına Karşı Clonostachys rosea (Sch.) Schroers ve Samuels’nin Etkisinin Belirlenmesi

“…It was reported that the V. dahliae infected tomato plants had a 91.25% disease severity index after 12 weeks (Ait-Rahou et al, 2020). This vascular pathogen with a wide host range was distributed worldwide and could be able to survive in the soil for several years (Acharya et al, 2020). In this study, the most effective treatment against V. dahliae was Cr40, with 25.33% disease severity index and 66.67% suppression rate.…”

A review of the pathogenicity mechanism of Verticillium dahliae in cotton

“…In the field, it coevolves with host plant to appear a strong pathotype (Atallah et al 2010;Song et al 2020). Many researches have been made to control Verticillium wilt, such as breeding resistant cultivars, crop rotation, developing soil fumigants, applying chemical fungicides, as well as biological control (Acharya et al 2020;Ingram et al 2020;Zhang et al 2021). Unfortunately, Verticillium wilt still results in extensive economic losses.…”

Identification and Characterization of Cinnamyl Alcohol Dehydrogenase Encoding Genes Involved in Lignin Biosynthesis and Resistance to Verticillium dahliae in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

“…V. dahliae infects over 200 dicotyledon plant species such as cotton, tobacco, tomatoes, Arabidopsis ( Song et al, 2020 ). Among tomato diseases, Verticillium wilt is a major biotic stressor of tomato production ( Acharya et al, 2020 ). In cotton, the average yield loss caused by Verticillium wilt is approximately 10–35% annually; therefore it is urgent to understand the interaction mechanism between plants, especially crops, and V. dahliae .…”