A Novel Four-Gene Prognostic Signature for Prediction of Survival in Patients with Soft Tissue Sarcoma

Abstract

Soft tissue sarcomas (STS), a group of rare malignant tumours with high tissue heterogeneity, still lack effective clinical stratification and prognostic models. Therefore, we conducted this study to establish a reliable prognostic gene signature. Using 189 STS patients’ data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, a four-gene signature including DHRS3, JRK, TARDBP and TTC3 was established. A risk score based on this gene signature was able to divide STS patients into a low-risk and a high-risk group. The latter had significantly worse overall survival (OS) and relapse free survival (RFS), and Cox regression analyses showed that the risk score is an independent prognostic factor. Nomograms containing the four-gene signature have also been established and have been verified through calibration curves. In addition, the predictive ability of this four-gene signature for STS metastasis free survival was verified in an independent cohort (309 STS patients from the Gene Expression Omnibus database). Finally, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis indicated that the four-gene signature may be related to some pathways associated with tumorigenesis, growth, and metastasis. In conclusion, our study establishes a novel four-gene signature and clinically feasible nomograms to predict the OS and RFS. This can help personalized treatment decisions, long-term patient management, and possible future development of targeted therapy.

Procollagen-Lysine, 2-Oxoglutarate 5-Dioxygenase Family: Novel Prognostic Biomarkers and Tumor Microenvironment Regulators for Lower-Grade Glioma

“…Based on multivariate analysis, the risk score model, namely, PLODscore was calculated. This type of model was already published in our previous work and in high-grade glioma research (De Tayrac et al, 2011;Wen et al, 2021;Wu et al, 2021). The Spearman's correlation analysis was used to calculate the correlations between PLODscore and the level of 28 immune cells infiltration, ImmuneScore, StromalScore, and ESTIMATEScore.…”

“…However, as a tumor of the central nervous system, the TME of LGG has various distinguished features compared to peripheral tumor entities. Thus, almost all mentioned cells are found in glioma, but further unique CCs, such as microglia, astrocytes, and neurons, are also present (Wu et al, 2021). Fibroblasts are not present in the central nervous system; however, recent studies suggest that specific pericytes of the brain act as cancer-associated fibrocyte-like stromal cell population (Li M. et al, 2020).…”

Construction of a prognostic model related to copper dependence in breast cancer by single-cell sequencing analysis

“…TTC3 is a ubiquitin E3 ligase that promotes the degradation of Akt ubiquitination and phosphorylation ( Suizu et al, 2009 ). The study by Wu et al (2021 ) constructed a 4-gene prognostic marker to evaluate and predict patients with soft tissue sarcoma, in which TTC3 is a key molecule. PHF20 is a multi-domain protein that regulates the activity and gene expression of P53 ( Cui et al, 2012 ).…”

Multi-gene models for survival prognosis of colorectal cancer patients

“…the R software packages 'cowplot' and 'pheatmap' were used to generate risk distribution maps. All statistical calculations were performed using the R software and P<0.05 was considered statistically signi cant [23,26] .…”

“…Using bioinformatics, a four-gene signature model was identi ed for soft tissue sarcoma prognosis, providing a new approach to the prognosis of soft tissue sarcoma [23] , so we also referred to this approach to nd a prognostic model for CRC in Fig. 1.…”