“…However, the required values are feasible on-chip using MIM capacitors and spiral inductors [21]. Furthermore, in the microelectronic realization, the Q-factors of the inductors may be achieved by either active enhancement of on-chip coil inductors [22] or implementation of active inductors with gm-C type impedance inversion of fixed MIM capacitors [23], [24]. In both cases careful control of process tolerances (on-chip MIM capacitors have absolute and relative tolerances of ±25% and ±0.1% respectively), to ensure the desired group delay response, is necessary [21].…”