A novel flame retardant containing phosphorus, nitrogen, and sulfur

Chen, Yezhong; Peng, Huaqiao; Li, Jiehua; Xia, Zuxi; Tan, Hong

doi:10.1007/s10973-013-3461-0

Cited by 53 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…11,12 As a result, the elongation at break of the composite system, especially the impact strength, will be reduced, which limits the application of phosphorus flame retardants in actual industrial production. 13 In view of the disadvantages of traditional flame retardants, such as toxicity and high dosage, the development of halogen-free, efficient, and multifunctional flame retardants has become the main trend. 14…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal degradation and flame retardancy of fumaric acid in thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer

Wei

Chen

Jiao

2018

Polymers for Advanced Techs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper, fumaric acid (FA) which was a new type of environmental and low-cost flame retardant was applied for thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU). The flame-retardant properties of TPU were tested using limiting oxygen index, cone calorimeter test, smoke density test, and thermogravimetric/Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It has been proved that FA could improve the difficulty of the ignition of the sample; the limiting oxygen index value of the sample (FA-4) increased by 29.7% when 2.0 wt% FA was added to TPU. The cone calorimeter test showed that FA can greatly reduce heat release and smoke production during the combustion process of TPU composites. For example, compared with the pure TPU, the peak heat release rate and total smoke release of the sample (FA-4) with 2.0 wt% FA were decreased by 50.8% and 51.5% respectively. The results of smoke density test showed that the luminous flux of the samples contained 0.5 wt% FA was increased by 79.2% compared with the pure TPU. The TG results revealed that the sample of FA-4 had higher char residue content compared with the sample of TPU. The results of thermogravimetric/Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy proved that FA could decrease the initial decomposition temperature for TPU composites and increase the release of CO 2 and H 2 O. All results of test illustrated that FA had good flameretardant effect on TPU. KEYWORDS environmental, flame retardant, fumaric acid, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer 1 | INTRODUCTIONThermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) is a polymer formed by the copolymerization of diisocyanate and polyol, which is an elastic material between rubber and plastic. 1 Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer has good prospects for development in daily life because of its superior performance, such as high wear resistance, high strength, high elasticity, and good hydrolysis stability. 2 However, as a combustible material, during the combustion process, TPU can produce a lot of smoke, heat, and poisonous gas, which easily cause the suffocation and even death of the personnel, and it has a serious droplet phenomenon, which limits its application in some fields. 3 Therefore, it is very important to improve the flame retardancy of TPU. [4][5][6][7] At present, the traditional flame retardants used for TPU include halogen flame retardants, phosphorus flame retardants, etc. 8,9 Halogen flame retardants are more popular in flame-retardant TPU because of the high flame-retardant efficiency, moderate price, and variety.However, halogen flame retardants will release corrosive gases such as halogenated hydrogen and a large amount of smoke under high temperature or open fire, which will bring great harm to the human body and the environment. 10 The phosphorus flame retardant has the characteristics of halogen-free and low toxicity, but it needs a high amount of addition, which has an effect on the mechanical properties of the materials. 11,12 As a result, the elongation at break of the composite system, especially the impact strength, will...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal degradation and flame retardancy of fumaric acid in thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer

Wei

Chen

Jiao

2018

Polymers for Advanced Techs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In recent years, much research has been done to find flame retardants free of halogen atoms. These include organophosphorus compounds [1,6,7,11,19,20] and silicon-containing compounds [3,6,7,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Very good results are achieved by modifying polymers with a mixture of flame retardants with different chemical structures, which yields synergistic effects [10,13,18,19,23,24,29]. Interaction between the flame retardant and polymer at high temperature changes the process of polymer decomposition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of PET fibres modified with phosphorus–silicon retardants

Gawłowski

Fabia

Graczyk

et al. 2016

J Therm Anal Calorim

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, flame-retardant poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibres were produced using a hightemperature bath method similar to dyeing fibres with disperse dyes. A mixture of aqueous solutions of silicon and phosphorus compounds was used as the flame retardant. Samples of the modified fibres were examined by thermogravimetric analysis. The residue left after limited oxygen index test was analysed by scanning electron microscopy. Effect of the flame retardant on changing the supermolecular structure of PET fibres was evaluated using wide-angle X-ray diffraction. Mechanical properties of the modified PET fibres as compared with standard fibres were also examined.

show abstract

“…With further heating, the stretching absorption band at 1287 cm 21 ascribable to P@O disappears completely, whereas a new 880 cm 21 absorption peak in finger-print region is produced, presumably representing the stretching vibrations of PAOAP bond [30]. All the aforementioned [20].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame retardancy, mechanical, and thermal properties of waterborne polyurethane conjugated with a novel phosphorous-nitrogen intumescent flame retardant

Zhang

Tian

et al. 2015

Polym. Compos.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A novel phosphorous‐nitrogen intumescent flame retardant with reactive diamino groups, benzoguanamine spirocyclic pentaerythritol bisphosphonate (BSPB), was synthesized and used as a chain extender, and then a series of flame retardant waterborne polyurethanes (FRWPU) were prepared by covalently conjugating the BSPB into waterborne polyurethane (WPU) backbone. Their structures were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectrometry (FTIR), 1H and 31P nuclear magnetic resonances (NMR), respectively. Simultaneously, the flame retardancy and the thermal stability of FRWPU were systematically investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI) test, UL‐94 vertical burning test and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results indicated that with the increase of BSPB content from 0 to 8 wt%, the LOI value of FRWPU increased from 18.6 to 27.3%, showing significant improvement by 8.7%. Compared with WPU, FRWPU showed decreased thermal stability but promoted char residue ratio. Conjugation of BSPB could obviously enhance the mechanical properties of FRWPU, the Young's modulus and tensile strength dramatically increased with the increase of BSPB. Investigation of char forming mechanism of BSPB through real time Fourier transform infrared spectra (RTFTIR) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) revealed that the polyphosphoric acid and phosphorus oxynitrides rich outer intumescent char layer could form protective shields to inhibit effectively internal polyurethane to heat and flame diffusion during contacting fire. POLYM. COMPOS., 38:452–462, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers

show abstract

A novel flame retardant containing phosphorus, nitrogen, and sulfur

Cited by 53 publications

References 29 publications

Thermal degradation and flame retardancy of fumaric acid in thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer

Thermal degradation and flame retardancy of fumaric acid in thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer

Study of PET fibres modified with phosphorus–silicon retardants

Flame retardancy, mechanical, and thermal properties of waterborne polyurethane conjugated with a novel phosphorous-nitrogen intumescent flame retardant

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About