A novel device for in-situ nanomechanics of 1-D nanostructures

Prakash, Vikas; Kaul, Pankaj B.; Park, Jungkyu; Bifano, Michael F. P.

doi:10.1007/s11837-011-0157-4

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…High resolution CCD camera and optical microscope can be adapted to look at the specimens during deformation and, if needed, apply digital image correlation analysis to extract strain fields afterwards. Sometimes, the nano-manipulator used to transport thin ribbons or nanowires plays the role of actuator for deforming the test material, while gluing the opposite side to a force sensor [61,344], see Fig. 17b.…”

Section: Fracture Testing Methods Of Freestanding Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Failure of metals III: Fracture and fatigue of nanostructured metallic materials

2016

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a b s t r a c tPushing the internal or external dimensions of metallic alloys down to the nanometer scale gives rise to strong materials, though most often at the expense of a low ductility and a low resistance to cracking, with negative impact on the transfer to engineering applications. These characteristics are observed, with some exceptions, in bulk ultra-fine grained and nanocrystalline metals, nano-twinned metals, thin metallic coatings on substrates and freestanding thin metallic films and nanowires. This overview encompasses all these systems to reveal commonalities in the origins of the lack of ductility and fracture resistance, in factors governing fatigue resistance, and in ways to improve properties. After surveying the various processing methods and key deformation mechanisms, we systematically address the current state of the art in terms of plastic localization, damage, static and fatigue cracking, for three classes of systems: (1) bulk ultra-fine grained and nanocrystalline metals, (2) thin metallic films on substrates, and (3) 1D and 2D freestanding micro and nanoscale systems. In doing so, we aim to favour cross-fertilization between progress made in the fields of mechanics of thin films, nanomechanics, fundamental researches in bulk nanocrystalline metals and metallurgy to impart enhanced resistance to fracture and fatigue in high-strength nanostructured systems. This involves exploiting intrinsic mechanisms, e.g. to enhance hardening and rate-sensitivity so as to delay necking, or improve grain-boundary cohesion to resist intergranular cracks or voids. Extrinsic methods can also be utilized such as by hybridizing the metal with another material to delocalize the deformation -as practiced in stretchable electronics. Fatigue crack initiation is in principle improved by a fine structure, but at the expense of larger fatigue crack growth rates. Extrinsic toughening through hybridization allows arresting or bridging cracks. The content and discussions are based on experimental, theoretical and simulation results from the recent literature, and focus is laid on linking microstructure and physical mechanisms to the overall mechanical behavior.

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Section: Fracture Testing Methods Of Freestanding Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various set ups for testing the fracture and fatigue properties of freestanding thin films, nanoribbons and nanowires; (a) tensile stage by Tsuchiya and co-workers[338]; (b) nanomanipulator directly used to apply the deformation[61,344]; (c) FIB machined microgrips[347]; (d) MEMS based test frame by Haque and Saif…”

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confidence: 99%

Failure of metals III: Fracture and fatigue of nanostructured metallic materials

2016

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A generic “micro-Stoney” method for the measurement of internal stress and elastic modulus of ultrathin films

Favache

Ryelandt

Melchior

et al. 2016

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Accurate measurement of the mechanical properties of ultra-thin films with thicknesses typically below 100 nm is a challenging issue with an interest in many fields involving coating technologies, microelectronics, and MEMS. A bilayer curvature based method is developed for the simultaneous determination of the elastic mismatch strain and Young's modulus of ultra-thin films. The idea is to deposit the film or coating on very thin cantilevers in order to amplify the curvature compared to a traditional "Stoney" wafer curvature test, hence the terminology "micro-Stoney." The data reduction is based on the comparison of the curvatures obtained for different supporting layer thicknesses. The elastic mismatch strain and Young's modulus are obtained from curvature measurements of cantilevers before and after the film deposition. The data reduction scheme relies on both analytical and finite element calculations, depending on the magnitude of the curvature. The experimental validation has been performed on ultra-thin low pressure chemical vapor deposited silicon nitride films with thickness ranging between 54 and 133 nm deposited on silicon cantilevers. The technique is sensitive to the cantilever geometry, in particular, to the thickness ratio and width/thickness ratio. Therefore, the precision in the determination of the latter quantities determines the accuracy on the extracted elastic mismatch strain and elastic modulus. The method can be potentially applied to films as thin as a few nanometers.

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A novel device for in-situ nanomechanics of 1-D nanostructures

Cited by 2 publications

References 44 publications

Failure of metals III: Fracture and fatigue of nanostructured metallic materials

Failure of metals III: Fracture and fatigue of nanostructured metallic materials

A generic “micro-Stoney” method for the measurement of internal stress and elastic modulus of ultrathin films

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