A Novel Data Embedding Method Using Adaptive Pixel Pair Matching

Hong, Wien; Chen, Tung-Shou

doi:10.1109/tifs.2011.2155062

Cited by 205 publications

(103 citation statements)

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“…Lets cosider a secret messahe to be hidden in complex region and is final stego image obtained after information hiding. The stego image is given by Equation (12). Figure 1.…”

Section: Data Hiding Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various techniques, including LSB methods [11], PVD methods, and side-match [12], [13], have been proposed to hide information in complex area of cover; a detail can be found in [14], [15]. But, these techniques present a low hiding capacity and don't comply completely with the rules that the complex region can bear more changes than smooth region [12], [13]. To increase data hiding capacity Jung et al [16] presented a new technique that hides data in smooth areas along with edges, but results in more distortion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) based Data Hiding in Image Complex Region

Khan

2018

IJECE

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This paper presents data an Ant colony optimization (ACO) based data hiding technique. ACO is used to detect complex region of cover image and afterward, least significant bits (LSB) substitution is used to hide secret information in the detected complex regions' pixels. ACO is an algorithm developed inspired by the inborn manners of ant species. The ant leaves pheromone on the ground for searching food and provisions. The proposed ACO-based data hiding in complex region establishes an array of pheromone, also called pheromone matrix, which represents the complex region in sequence at each pixel position of the cover image. The pheromone matrix is developed according to the movements of ants, determined by local differences of the image element's intensity. The least significant bits of complex region pixels are substituted with message bits, to hide secret information. The experimental results, provided, show the significance of the performance of the proposed method. Keyword:Ant [7]. Sahib et al., inspired from chipper block chaining (CBC) encryption, proposed new techniques of stego block chaining (SBC) and enhanced stego block chaining (ESBC) to hide information in digital images [8].The aim of all data hiding techniques is to make the presence of hidden information undetectable and this attracted the attention of researcher to make use of HVS limitation. HVS can very easily detect the variations made in smooth area of cover image as compared to the changes in complex region. Due to this characteristic of the HVS, complex region of cover image is subjected to hiding and smooth region is not modified [9], [10]. In some techniques, complex region is subjected to more to data hiding than smooth region. This approach results in high quality of the stego-image, which means increase in the security of hidden information. Various techniques, including LSB methods [11], PVD methods, and side-match

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“…Lets cosider a secret messahe to be hidden in complex region and is final stego image obtained after information hiding. The stego image is given by Equation (12). Figure 1.…”

Section: Data Hiding Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) based Data Hiding in Image Complex Region

Khan

2018

IJECE

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“…The method achieves better PSNR for a range of embedding rates. Pixel Pair Matching(PPM) [12]method uses the values of pixel pair as a reference coordinate, and search a coordinate in the neighborhood set of this pixel pair according to a given message digit. The searched digit conceals the digit and it replaces the pixel pair.…”

Section: International Journal For Research In Applied Science and Engimentioning

confidence: 99%

Edge Analysis Based Data Hiding on Digital Images with PVD Technique

P V

2017

IJRASET

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This paper proposes a new improved steganographic technique based on pixel value differencing [14] which is driven by edge recognition technique. The cover image is divided into blocks and rotated first to generate edges [10] in the image and is used as the candidate region to perform data hiding using pixel value differencing. The basic idea of pixel value differencing is a cover image is partitioned into non-overlapping blocks of two consecutive pixels. A difference value is calculated from the values of the two pixels in each block. All possible difference values are classified into a number of ranges. The difference value then is replaced by a new value to embed the value of a sub-stream of the secret message. The number of bits which can be embedded in a pixel pair is decided by the width of the range that the difference value belongs to. The method is designed in such a way that the modification is never out of the range interval. This method provides an easy way to produce a more imperceptible result than those yielded by simple least-significant-bit replacement methods. The embedded secret message can be extracted from the resulting stego-image without referencing the original cover image. Moreover, a pseudorandom mechanism may be used to achieve secrecy protection.

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“…Instead of increasing the payload, Wang et al [8] in 2010 proposed a method to increase the image quality of the stego image. Wein Hong et al [9] in 2012 proposed APPM for increasing the embedding capacity and also the image quality.…”

Section: Embedding Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Recent Embedding Techniques and Security Measures in Steganography

Kali¹

2014

IOSRJVSP

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A Novel Data Embedding Method Using Adaptive Pixel Pair Matching

Cited by 205 publications

References 20 publications

Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) based Data Hiding in Image Complex Region

Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) based Data Hiding in Image Complex Region

Edge Analysis Based Data Hiding on Digital Images with PVD Technique

A Survey of Recent Embedding Techniques and Security Measures in Steganography

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