A novel Chotta Bheem–Chutki scale for dental anxiety determination in children

Sadana, Gunmeen; Grover, Rashu; Mehra, Manjul; Gupta, Sunil; Kaur, Jasmeet; Sadana, Sukhmani

doi:10.4103/2231-0762.183108

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This difference can be attributed to lower mean anxiety score of VPT (1.51) as compared to AES (1.78) and FIS (1.93). Lower mean anxiety scores with respect to VPT obtained is similar to the findings of Buchanan and Niven [4], Shetty RM et al [10] and is in contrast to the study by Sadana et al [6].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Till date, the literature shows various methods of assessing dental anxiety, including indirect methods (physiologic measurements of pulse rate, blood pressure, and muscle tension) [5] or projective techniques (children's dental fear picture test) [6] that require skills in carrying out interviews, and administering and scoring tests. The latter exhibited questionable reliability and validity due to difficulties in the interpretation of stories and standardizing scores.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of an animated emoji scale as a novel tool for anxiety assessment in children

Setty

Srinivasan

Radhakrishna

et al. 2019

J Dent Anesth Pain Med

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Background Dental anxiety in children is a major barrier in patient management. If dental anxiety in pediatric patients is assessed during the first visit, it will not only aid in management but also help to identify patients who are in need of special care to deal with their fear. Nowadays, children and adults are highly interested in multimedia and are closely associated with them. Children usually prefer motion pictures on electronic devices than still cartoons on paper. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate a newly designed scale, the animated emoji scale (AES), which uses motion emoticons/animojis to assess dental anxiety in children during their first dental visit, and compare it with the Venham picture test (VPT) and facial image scale (FIS). Methods The study included 102 healthy children aged 4–14 years, whose dental anxiety was measured using AES, VPT, and FIS during their first dental visit, and their scale preference was recorded. Results The mean anxiety scores measured using AES, FIS, and VPT, represented as mean ± SD, were 1.78 ± 1.19, 1.93 ± 1.23, and 1.51 ± 1.84, respectively. There was significant difference in the mean anxiety scores between the three scales (Friedman test, P < 0.001). The Pearson's correlation test showed a very strong correlation (0.73) between AES and VPT, and a strong correlation between AES and FIS (0.88), and FIS and VPT (0.69), indicating good validity of AES. Maximum number of children (74.5%) preferred AES. Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that the AES is a novel and child-friendly tool for assessing dental anxiety in children.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of an animated emoji scale as a novel tool for anxiety assessment in children

Setty

Srinivasan

Radhakrishna

et al. 2019

J Dent Anesth Pain Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Needless to say, the choice of method inappropriate to the child subject’s age and level of development could affect the ability of the assessment tool to reflect the level of dental fear and anxiety accurately. Many studies have pointed out plainly that very young children could not reliably report aspects of their own dental fear due to a minimum cognitive ability required to understand questions and to respond meaningfully [ 43 ] and require assistance from parents or other adults in answering questions [ 44 ]. Another study indicated that assessment tools using abstract numeric scales pose another challenge to respondents younger than the age of nine who might fare better with pictorial scales [ 45 ].…”

Section: Selection Of Assessment Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Introduction to Assessing Dental Fear and Anxiety in Children

et al. 2020

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Fear and anxiety constitute an important theme in dentistry, especially with children. Anxiety and the fear of pain during dental treatment can lead to avoidance behaviour, which contributes to perpetuating fear and anxiety of dental care. Understanding and assessing dental fear and anxiety in children is important for delivering successful dental care with high satisfaction in this age group. Among the vast assessment method options available today, self-report assessment, parental proxy assessment, observation-based assessment, and physiological assessment are the four major types for dental fear and anxiety in children. Each method has its own merits and limitations. The selection of a method should be based on the objectives, validity, and setting of the assessment. The aim of this paper is to review and discuss the assessment methods for dental fear and anxiety in children.

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“…Dental anxiety is usually measured using a wide range of available psychometric self-assessment scales such as Corah’s Dental Anxiety Scale (CDAS), 14 Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS), 15 State-Trait Anxiety Scale (STAI), 16 General Geer Fear Scale, 17 Getz Dental Belief Survey, 18 Chotta Bheem-Chutki Scale 19 and Dental Fear Survey (DFS). 20 These scales range from 1 item to 20 items or even more.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Cultural adaption, validity and reliability of a Hindi versionof the Corah’s Dental Anxiety Scale

Jain

Tandon

Sharma

et al. 2018

Health Promot Perspect

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Background: An appropriate scale to assess the dental anxiety of Hindi speaking population is lacking. This study, therefore, aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of Hindi version of one of the oldest dental anxiety scale, Corah’s Dental Anxiety Scale (CDAS) in Hindi speaking Indian adults.Methods: A total of 348 subjects from the outpatient department of a dental hospital in India participated in this cross-sectional study. The scale was cross-culturally adapted by forward and backward translation, committee review and pretesting method. The construct validity of the translated scale was explored with exploratory factor analysis. The correlation of the Hindi version of CDAS with visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to measure the convergent validity. Reliability was assessed through calculations of Cronbach’s alpha and intra class correlation 48 forms were completed for test-retest.Results: Prevalence of dental anxiety in the sample within the age range of 18-80 years was 85.63% [95% CI: 0.815-0.891]. The response rate was 100 %. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) test value was 0.776. After factor analysis, a single factor (dental anxiety) was obtained with 4 items.The single factor model explained 61% variance. Pearson correlation coefficient between CDASand VAS was 0.494. Test-retest showed the Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.814. The test-retest intraclass correlation coefficient of the total CDAS score was 0.881 [95% CI: 0.318-0.554].Conclusion: Hindi version of CDAS is a valid and reliable scale to assess dental anxiety in Hindi speaking population. Convergent validity is well recognized but discriminant validity is limited and requires further study.

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A novel Chotta Bheem–Chutki scale for dental anxiety determination in children

Cited by 18 publications

References 14 publications

Use of an animated emoji scale as a novel tool for anxiety assessment in children

Use of an animated emoji scale as a novel tool for anxiety assessment in children

An Introduction to Assessing Dental Fear and Anxiety in Children

Cross-Cultural adaption, validity and reliability of a Hindi versionof the Corah’s Dental Anxiety Scale

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