A novel bistable reflective display using quick‐response liquid powder

Abstract

Abstract— We have developed new powder materials that exhibit liquid behavior, which can lead to the realization of novel bistable and reflective displays having paper‐white appearance, high contrast, and quick response. Two types of display were demonstrated, one had 160 × 160 array of pixels and the other had 320 × 320 in a 3.1‐in.‐diagonal viewable image size corresponding to 66 and 132 dpi, respectively. These displays were driven by passive‐matrix addressing. The displays showed a reflectivity of more than 41%, a contrast more than 1:10, and a pixel response time of less than 0.2 msec. The seven‐segment display for use in clocks was also demonstrated.

Charged particle-display

“…The pioneering work by Szirmai, 31 Hattori et al, [11][12][13] and others have exposed the potential applications with charged particles. Utilizing charged particles in display technologies, however, requires a quantitative understanding of how design parameters, such as L e , L z , , m , r, T, N, n e , V 0 , and Q eff ϰ Q, enter into particle volume compression.…”

“…Because the speed at which particles move inversely vary with fluid density, particle-displays based on electrophoresis have slow response time, typically on the order of 300 ms. [7][8][9] This makes motion pictures unsuitable for electrophoretic particledisplays. The issue of slow response time in electrophoretic particle-displays, however, has been resolved with the unveiling of Quick Response Liquid Powder Display ͑QR-LPD͒ by Hattori et al [10][11][12][13] The QR-LPD is distinguished from the rest of particle based displays in that it uses air as the particle carrying medium rather than fluid. Because the particles in QR-LPD move in air, its response time is at 0.2 ms, which is even faster than LCDs.…”

Review Paper: A critical review of the present and future prospects for electronic paper

“…History, maturity: Quick-response liquid powder displays (QR-LPD ® ) were first presented at SID 2003 by a collaborative team at Kyushu University and Bridgestone Corp. 76 Bridgestone is now leading the commercialization with numerous partners including Hitachi and Delta Electronics, and field trials of dot-matrix electronic shelf-labels have begun with Pricer. Flexible full-color prototypes have been shown, and rigid monochrome customer evaluation kits are available up to 21 in.…”

“…Although numerous gray-scale images are featured in publications and in demonstrations, the only published gray-scale data is four gray levels. 78 A custom driver circuit has enabled for pen input (i.e., locally updating a set of pixels without refreshing the entire screen).…”

Off the beaten path with total internal reflection

“…In practice, typical reflectance values are lower than 40%. There is substantial work underway in a variety of emerging technologies to develop alternate approaches that improve the overall reflectance [7,8,9]. While all of these approaches have the potential to yield a higher maximum reflectance than conventional liquid crystal displays, the TIR-based approach discussed here shares this capability and has additional unique advantages.…”