A novel bifunctional electrocatalyst for unitized regenerative fuel cell

Advanced Construction Materials for High Temperature Steam PEM Electrolysers

“…The electrodes are usually directly sprayed or pressed on the opposite sites of the solid polymer electrolyte (SPE), thus being the origin of a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) [1,5,67,78]. Also, electrodes can be sprayed on the gas diffusion layer (GDL), and then put together leaving the SPE between them [56,79]. A PEM electrolyzer stack consists of a combination of several cells (as many as 100), electrically connected in series [54].…”

“…Nafion ® is the most known trademark among ionic membranes and is patented by Du Pont Company in 1966 [15]. A typical membrane has a thickness in the range of 50-100 μmeters and this type of membrane is commonly used as an electrolyte for conventional PEM water electrolyzers [23,56,79]. These membranes have excellent chemical stability, high ionic conductivity and excellent mechanical strength [56].…”

One-pot synthesis of Ir@Pt nanodendrites as highly active bifunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution in acidic medium

“…URFCs can be applied not only in space field, but also in an on-site energy storage device used in photovoltaic and wind energy systems [2]. However, one of the most difficult challenges in the development of URFCs is the fabrication of active bifunctional electrocatalysts for both oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the oxygen electrode [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Although some transition metal oxide can be used as catalyst for both ORR and OER in alkaline medium [12], the practical bifunctional electrocatalyst applied in acidic medium is composed of two efficient electrocatalyst for ORR (e.g., Pt blacks) and OER (e.g., Ir/Ru oxides), respectively.…”

“…Nevertheless, both of them are hardly well dispersed in the solvent, resulting in poor interdispersion of the two kinds of electrocatalysts and low bifunctional performance [8]. To resolve this problem, some researchers used Pt blacks or Ir/Ru oxides as support and deposited the other metal on the support [3,5,6,8,10].…”

Nanoparticulate TiO2-promoted PtRu/C catalyst for methanol oxidation

“…Various metal oxides such as IrO 2 , V 2 O 5 , WO 3 , CeO 2 , MoO 3, Nd 2 O 3 , RuO 2 , and TiO 2 can enhance the catalytic activity of Pt-based electrocatalysts for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Among them, TiO 2 is the most promising promoter of PtRu/C due to its natural abundance, low cost, and stability in acidic environments [15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”