Advanced Construction Materials for High Temperature Steam PEM Electrolysers

Nikiforov, Aleksey Valerievich; Christensen, Erik R.; Petrushina, Irina; Jensen, Jens Oluf; Bjerrum, Niels

doi:10.5772/51928

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…The surface of steel cathode after electrolysis is coated with 3-4 µm spherical grains (Fig. 1c) originating in the corrosion process during electrolysis (as was also noticed by Nikiforov et al [10]), while the surface of anode (Fig. 1d) is smooth and looks etched.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Comparing characteristics from the Tafel plots (Table 2) of noncoated and coated steel electrodes it is seen that lower hydrogen evolution potentials and corrosion rates are for steel electrodes coated with Ni-Al layer and also for a steel cathode after prolonged electrolysis. Explanation for these phenomena can be passivation of the steel cathode surface [10]. As concerns the effect of coating as protection against corrosion of steel electrodes in electrolysis process, it can be said that such a coating protects both the electrodes and reduces the corrosion rates.…”

Section: Elementmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Ni–Al Protective Coating of Steel Electrodes in Dc Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production / Ni–Al Pārklājuma Ietekme Uz Tērauda Elektrodiem Līdzstrāvas Elektrolīzē Ūdeņraža Ražošanai

Aizpurietis¹,

Vanags²,

Kleperis³

et al. 2013

Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences

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Hydrogen can be a good alternative to fossil fuels under the conditions of world's crisis as an effective energy carrier derived from renewable resources. Among all the known methods of hydrogen production, water electrolysis gives the ecologically purest hydrogen, so it is of importance to maximize the efficiency of this process. The authors consider the influence of plasma sprayed Ni-Al protective coating of 316L steel anode-cathode electrodes in DC electrolysis. In a long-term (24 h) process the anode corrodes strongly, losing Cr and Ni ions which are transferred to the electrolyte, while only minor corrosion of the cathode occurs. At the same time, the composition of anode and cathode electrodes protected by Ni-Al coating changes only slightly during a prolonged electrolysis. As the voltammetry and Tafel plots evidence, the Ni-Al coating protects both the anode and cathode from the corrosion and reduces the potential of hydrogen evolution. The results obtained show that such a coating works best in the case of steel electrodes.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Elementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ni–Al Protective Coating of Steel Electrodes in Dc Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production / Ni–Al Pārklājuma Ietekme Uz Tērauda Elektrodiem Līdzstrāvas Elektrolīzē Ūdeņraža Ražošanai

Aizpurietis¹,

Vanags²,

Kleperis³

et al. 2013

Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences

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“…However, if temperatures are higher than the liquid saturation temperature at the operational pressure, the membrane becomes dry and the proton diffusion inefficient [163]. Two pathways are viable: (i) the slight temperature increase matched with pressure increase to modify the saturation point, and (ii) the elevate increase in temperature modifying the materials used such as the polybenzimidazole membranes (PBI) doped with phosphoric acid which are suitable for operational temperature up to 200 • C at ambient pressure [211]. High-pressure operation is attractive for both the practicability to operate at high temperatures and the direct hydrogen storage at high pressure.…”

Section: Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Electrolysis Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Synthetic Fuels: Renewable Routes for the Conversion of Non-Fossil Feedstocks into Gaseous Fuels and Their End Uses

et al. 2020

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Innovative renewable routes are potentially able to sustain the transition to a decarbonized energy economy. Green synthetic fuels, including hydrogen and natural gas, are considered viable alternatives to fossil fuels. Indeed, they play a fundamental role in those sectors that are difficult to electrify (e.g., road mobility or high-heat industrial processes), are capable of mitigating problems related to flexibility and instantaneous balance of the electric grid, are suitable for large-size and long-term storage and can be transported through the gas network. This article is an overview of the overall supply chain, including production, transport, storage and end uses. Available fuel conversion technologies use renewable energy for the catalytic conversion of non-fossil feedstocks into hydrogen and syngas. We will show how relevant technologies involve thermochemical, electrochemical and photochemical processes. The syngas quality can be improved by catalytic CO and CO2 methanation reactions for the generation of synthetic natural gas. Finally, the produced gaseous fuels could follow several pathways for transport and lead to different final uses. Therefore, storage alternatives and gas interchangeability requirements for the safe injection of green fuels in the natural gas network and fuel cells are outlined. Nevertheless, the effects of gas quality on combustion emissions and safety are considered.

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“…However, the performance of PEM electrolysis must be improved to facilitate widespread commercial applications. To exploit the kinetics under high−temperature conditions, PEM electrolysis should be conducted at temperatures higher than 100 °C [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. As the temperature increases, the ohmic losses of high−temperature PEM water electrolyzers (HT−PEMWEs) and the activated losses of the electrodes are reduced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Nafion/Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanosheets Composite Membrane for Steam Electrolysis at 110 °C

Chen

Sun

et al. 2023

Membranes

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Hydrogen is expected to have an important role in future energy systems; however, further research is required to ensure the commercial viability of hydrogen generation. Proton exchange membrane steam electrolysis above 100 °C has attracted significant research interest owing to its high electrolytic efficiency and the potential to reduce the use of electrical energy through waste heat utilization. This study developed a novel composite membrane fabricated from graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and Nafion and applied it to steam electrolysis with excellent results. g-C3N4 is uniformly dispersed among the non−homogeneous functionalized particles of the polymer, and it improves the thermostability of the membranes. The amino and imino active sites on the nanosheet surface enhance the proton conductivity. In ultrapure water at 90 °C, the proton conductivity of the Nafion/0.4 wt.% g-C3N4 membrane is 287.71 mS cm−1. Above 100 °C, the modified membranes still exhibit high conductivity, and no sudden decreases in conductivity were observed. The Nafion/g-C3N4 membranes exhibit excellent performance when utilized as a steam electrolyzer. Compared with that of previous studies, this approach achieves better electrolytic behavior with a relatively low catalyst loading. Steam electrolysis using a Nafion/0.4 wt.% g-C3N4 membranes achieves a current density of 2260 mA cm−2 at 2 V, which is approximately 69% higher than the current density achieved using pure Nafion membranes under the same conditions.

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Advanced Construction Materials for High Temperature Steam PEM Electrolysers

Cited by 5 publications

References 62 publications

Ni–Al Protective Coating of Steel Electrodes in Dc Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production / Ni–Al Pārklājuma Ietekme Uz Tērauda Elektrodiem Līdzstrāvas Elektrolīzē Ūdeņraža Ražošanai

Ni–Al Protective Coating of Steel Electrodes in Dc Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production / Ni–Al Pārklājuma Ietekme Uz Tērauda Elektrodiem Līdzstrāvas Elektrolīzē Ūdeņraža Ražošanai

Green Synthetic Fuels: Renewable Routes for the Conversion of Non-Fossil Feedstocks into Gaseous Fuels and Their End Uses

Novel Nafion/Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanosheets Composite Membrane for Steam Electrolysis at 110 °C

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