A novel approach to probe host-pathogen interactions of bovine digital dermatitis, a model of a complex polymicrobial infection

Marcatili, Paolo; Nielsen, Morten Holtegaard; Sicheritz-Pontén, Thomas; Jensen, Tim Kåre; Schafer‐Nielsen, Claus; Boye, Mette; Nielsen, Morten; Klitgaard, Kirstine

doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3341-7

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…levii is a well known opportunistic pathogen and is also commonly found in the vaginal discharge of metritic cows 40 . Complicated SU, TN, and WLD samples were also harbouring Odoribacter denticanis , which belongs to the same family (Porphyromonoadaceae) and was also previously associated with DD 41 . Fusobacterium spp., another well known opportunistic anaerobic pathogen, were previously found to be associated with lameness, particularly with DD and IP lesions 42 , 43 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

16S rRNA amplicon sequencing reveals a polymicrobial nature of complicated claw horn disruption lesions and interdigital phlegmon in dairy cattle

Bay

Griffiths

Carter

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Lameness represents an intractable problem for the dairy industry. Complicated claw horn disruption lesions, interdigital hyperplasia, and interdigital phlegmon are important lameness causing foot lesions. Their aetiology is multifactorial, but infectious processes are likely implicated in disease pathogenesis. Our aim was to investigate the bacterial profiles of these lesions using 16S rRNA gene sequencing of samples obtained from 51 cattle across ten farms in the UK. In this study, interdigital hyperplasia, interdigital hyperplasia with signs of interdigital dermatitis, interdigital phlegmon, complicated sole ulcers, complicated toe ulcers lesions, and complicated white line lesions were investigated; corresponding healthy skin control samples were also analysed. All diseased tissues displayed reduced microbial richness and diversity (as described by Chao1, Shannon, and Simpson alpha-diversity indices) compared to their healthy skin control samples. Our results confirm the association of Treponema spp with some of these disorders. Other anaerobic bacteria including Fusobacterium spp., Fastidiosipila spp. and Porphyromonas spp. were implicated in the aetiology of all these lesions with the exception of interdigital hyperplasia. Complicated claw horn disruption lesions, and interdigital phlegmon were found to have similar bacterial profiles. Such sharing of bacterial genera suggests many of the infectious agents detected in these foot lesions are acting opportunistically; this finding could contribute towards future treatment and control strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

16S rRNA amplicon sequencing reveals a polymicrobial nature of complicated claw horn disruption lesions and interdigital phlegmon in dairy cattle

Bay

Griffiths

Carter

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…levii was indicated to participate in disease development, while the involvement of F . necrophorum was not sustained [ 26 ]. Therefore, although our results do not support the participation of either of these two bacteria in DD progression, further studies are warranted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathology and bacteria related to digital dermatitis in dairy cattle in all year round grazing system in Brazil

et al. 2018

Self Cite

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Digital dermatitis (DD) is one of the main causes of lameness in dairy cattle worldwide, and it is frequently reported in high-yielding, free stall dairy herds from regions with a temperate climate. However, DD is also observed with high prevalence in grazing cattle with a low milk yield in tropical regions. To clarify whether these differences have an impact on the etiology of the disease, we studied DD lesions from all year round grazing cattle of mixed breed in Brazil using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing and fluorescent in situ hybridization. The study included samples from 66 skin lesions and 5 healthy skins collected from five farms. Both techniques showed Treponema spp. to be the most abundant bacteria, present in all but one of the samples with minimal epidermal alterations. We identified eleven different Treponema strains belonging to the six major phylotypes of Treponema which have all previously been identified in DD lesions. Furthermore, we identify Dichelobacter nodosus in DD lesions by gene sequencing and also by fluorescent in situ hybridization in almost half of biopsy specimens in areas with mild epithelial damage and together with Treponema. The present data support the hypothesis that Treponema constitutes the main pathogen responsible for DD, independent of the environment and region where cows are kept, and it further suggests D. nodosus as another potentially important pathogen.

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“…First, while it is clear that Treponema spp. are consistently present in DD lesions and make up the majority of the bacterial community in advanced lesions, it is also clear that these populations represent a diversity of species instead of a single species (Evans et al., ; Klitgaard, Foix Breto, Boye, & Jensen, ; Krull et al., ; Marcatili et al., ; Yano et al., ). This in itself poses a problem with fulfilling Koch's postulates for this disease process.…”

Section: Pathogens Involvedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Missing pieces of the puzzle to effectively control digital dermatitis

Orsel

Plummer

Shearer

et al. 2017

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Since the first report of bovine digital dermatitis (DD) in 1974, there is a large body of the literature published; however, effective prevention and control of the disease remain elusive. Although many aspects of the pathogenesis of DD have been investigated, even some of the most basic questions such as the aetiology of this disease remain under debate. Treponema spp. have been strongly associated with DD lesions and occur in abundance in advanced lesions; however, efforts to induce disease with pure cultures of these organisms have been largely underwhelming and inconsistent. Furthermore, although the disease has been presented for several decades, there is limited scientific evidence regarding effective treatment of DD. Apparent discrepancies between effectiveness in vitro and in vivo have challenged the scientific community to identify new potential treatment options. With no treatment resulting in a 100% cure rate, the current expectation is manageable control, but prospects for the eradication of the disease are unlikely using current approaches. In order to develop more effective approaches to control DD on-farm, there is a critical need for a deeper understanding regarding the causation, ecology, transmission and treatment of this disease. In this article, we attempt to provide insights into specific research needs related to DD in order to assist the industry, researchers, pharmaceutical companies and research sponsors with decision-making and identified research gaps.

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A novel approach to probe host-pathogen interactions of bovine digital dermatitis, a model of a complex polymicrobial infection

Cited by 14 publications

References 59 publications

16S rRNA amplicon sequencing reveals a polymicrobial nature of complicated claw horn disruption lesions and interdigital phlegmon in dairy cattle

16S rRNA amplicon sequencing reveals a polymicrobial nature of complicated claw horn disruption lesions and interdigital phlegmon in dairy cattle

Pathology and bacteria related to digital dermatitis in dairy cattle in all year round grazing system in Brazil

Missing pieces of the puzzle to effectively control digital dermatitis

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