16S rRNA amplicon sequencing reveals a polymicrobial nature of complicated claw horn disruption lesions and interdigital phlegmon in dairy cattle

Bay, Veysel; Griffiths, Bethany E; Carter, S.; Evans, Nicholas J.; Lenzi, Luca; Bicalho, R.C.; Oikonomou, Georgios

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-33993-9

Cited by 31 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…Most of these bacterial families were also present at relatively high abundances in interdigital skin samples from the healthy feet of dairy cattle or slurry samples from the dairy herd environment [13,15]. Moreover, in this study, Clostridiales Family XI was detected at significantly higher relative abundance in CF samples compared with SB and CB samples, and it was formerly found to be more abundant in skin lesions compared to healthy skin samples of cattle claws [2]. Our results also showed that the relative abundances of genera Solibacillus and Clostridium sensu stricto 1 from the same phylum Firmicutes were significantly higher in CF samples than in other groups, those two genera were reported to be associated with gastrointestinal disease in human and cows [20,28].…”

Section: Thesupporting

confidence: 49%

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Relationships among bedding materials, bedding bacterial composition and lameness in dairy cows

Wang

et al. 2021

Anim Biosci

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Bedding materials directly contact hooves of dairy cows and they may serve as environmental sources of lameness-associated pathogen. However, the specific composition of bacteria hidden in bedding materials is still not clear. The aim of this study was to detect the bedding material and its bacterial composition on lameness of Holstein heifers. Methods: Forty-eight Holstein heifers with similar body weights were randomly assigned into three groups including sand bedding (SB), concrete floor (CF), and compost bedding (CB). Hock injuries severity and gait performance of dairy cows were scored individually once a week. Blood samples were collected at the end of the experiment and bedding material samples were collected once a week for Illumina sequencing. Results: The CF increased visible hock injuries severity and serum biomarkers of joint damage in comparison to SB and CB groups. Besides, Illumina sequencing and analysis showed that the bacterial community of CB samples had higher similarity to that of SB samples than CF samples. Bacteria in three bedding materials were dominated by gastrointestinal bacteria and organic matter-degrading bacteria, such as Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and norank JG30-KF-cM45. Lameness-associated Spirochaetaceae and Treponeme were only detected in SB and CB samples with a very low relative abundance (0~0.08%).

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Section: Thesupporting

confidence: 49%

“…Lameness is one of the most common diseases in the dairy industry that result in increased culling rate and economic losses [1]. The methods for diagnosis and therapy in lameness have greatly improved [2,3]. However, it is also critical to develop preventive measures of lameness in indoor housing systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships among bedding materials, bedding bacterial composition and lameness in dairy cows

Wang

et al. 2021

Anim Biosci

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“…There is paucity of data on the association between CT and wall fissures and scissors claws, but there are few reports on HYP and CSC. Schulz et al [47] reported that corrective CT resulted in lower prevalence of HYP during a 41 week trial, while the concurrent presence of DD and HYP in lactating cows during hoof examination was suggestive of positive association between the two lesions [64]. Infectious process has been implicated in the pathogenesis of HYP [64], but there is no current information on how corrective or preventive CT for DD or other infectious claw lesions might influence the levels of HYP.…”

Section: Other Claw Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schulz et al [47] reported that corrective CT resulted in lower prevalence of HYP during a 41 week trial, while the concurrent presence of DD and HYP in lactating cows during hoof examination was suggestive of positive association between the two lesions [64]. Infectious process has been implicated in the pathogenesis of HYP [64], but there is no current information on how corrective or preventive CT for DD or other infectious claw lesions might influence the levels of HYP. On the other hand, CSC is characterized by an inward curvature of the abaxial wall and can be managed by corrective CT [65].…”

Section: Other Claw Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Claw Trimming as a Lameness Management Practice and the Association with Welfare and Production in Dairy Cows

Sadiq

Ramanoon

Mansor

et al. 2020

Animals

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Lameness resulting from claw lesions remains a pressing welfare issue in dairy cows. Claw trimming (CT) is a common practice for prevention and management of clinically lame cows. This review summarizes the results of studies that have investigated various claw trimming (CT) methods, their application in lameness management, and associations with the welfare and production of dairy cows. The papers included in this review fulfilled the following inclusion criteria: published in peer review journal or book chapter within the last 20 years (1999–2019), written in English, and focused on the application of CT for lameness management and the association with either welfare or production variables. Databases used included Google scholar, Web of Science and PubMed. A total of 748 records were assessed and 61 papers were eligible for inclusion and the main objectives and results were used to categorize the results under six topics: CT techniques, association between CT and claw overgrowth/specific claw lesions, timing and frequency of CT, association between CT and behavioral variables, association between CT and physiological parameters, and association between CT and production. The literature findings showed the existence of various CT methods with the common types including the Dutch Five-step, White Line, White Line Atlas, and Kansas techniques. There is data paucity on the efficacy of these techniques in lameness management; however, the slight procedural difference yields varying sole thicknesses and presentations which may influence their prophylactic use. Results regarding the impact of CT on welfare and production were discussed in relation to potential short and long-term benefits. Depending on the lesion type and severity level, CT may induce immediate painful sensation, stress, changes in lying down activities and reduction in milk yield, but the positive impacts were more evident at later stages of lactation following improvement in locomotion score. The majority of the reviewed studies were lacking a detailed description of CT techniques and claw health of the studied animals; thus, reducing the strength of demonstrating CT-related benefits. However, electronic recording of claw health data during every CT visit provides the basis for monitoring hoof health and could assist in curtailing some of these challenges. To elucidate CT-related benefits, certain areas requiring further research were highlighted such as ascertaining the appropriate timing for preventive CT and identifying cows that will benefit more from such intervention during lactation.

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“…Consideration should also be given to other aspects of hygiene during foot-trimming, particularly cleanliness of gloves, since it has been shown that treponemes can survive on gloves for up to 3 days after handling sheep feet showing the analogous disease, contagious ovine digital dermatitis [24]. The use of disinfectants on trimming tools will not only assist in controlling transmission of treponemes between animals and farms but will also have the effect of reducing transmission of other microbes which are known to contribute to digital dermatitis and other important foot lesions [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of bovine digital dermatitis-associated treponemes from hoof knives after foot-trimming: a disinfection field study

et al. 2020

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Background Bovine digital dermatitis (BDD) is an infectious foot disease found commonly in dairy herds. Foot-trimming is an important husbandry procedure for reducing the ensuing lameness; however, epidemiological, and microbiological studies have identified this as a risk activity for transmitting BDD. Three disinfectants have previously been identified in laboratory work as effective for removing viable BDD-associated Treponema spp., from hoof knife blades. The present study enrolled 133 dairy cattle with BDD lesions, and swabbed hoof knife blades before and after foot-trimming, and after knife disinfection with one of three disinfectants (1:100 FAM30®, 2% Virkon® and 2% sodium hypochlorite) to assess their efficacy under field conditions. Results Detection of BDD treponeme phylogroup DNA was undertaken by direct PCR of swabs, and viable treponemes were detected by PCR of swab cultures after 6 weeks’ incubation. Where hoof knives did not contact the lesion, BDD-associated treponemes were detected after foot-trimming in 12/22 (54.5%) cases by direct PCR and 1/22 (4.5%) cases by PCR of cultured organisms. Where contact was made with the lesion, 111/111 (100%) samples taken after trimming were positive by direct PCR and 47/118 (39.8%) were positive by culture PCR. Viable organisms were identified in cultures from lesion stages M2, M3, M4 and M4.1. No viable organisms were detected after disinfection of hoof knives. Conclusions Hoof knives post-trimming were frequently contaminated with BDD-associated treponeme DNA. Viable organisms were identified in cultures whether contact had been made between hoof knife and lesion or not, although contact clearly increased the frequency of detection of viable organisms. The three disinfectants tested were effective for removing viable organisms. The disinfection protocol used in this study should therefore be considered reliable for adoption as standard industry practice.

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16S rRNA amplicon sequencing reveals a polymicrobial nature of complicated claw horn disruption lesions and interdigital phlegmon in dairy cattle

Cited by 31 publications

References 60 publications

Relationships among bedding materials, bedding bacterial composition and lameness in dairy cows

Relationships among bedding materials, bedding bacterial composition and lameness in dairy cows

Claw Trimming as a Lameness Management Practice and the Association with Welfare and Production in Dairy Cows

Removal of bovine digital dermatitis-associated treponemes from hoof knives after foot-trimming: a disinfection field study

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