A novel and efficient ammonia leaching method for recycling waste lithium ion batteries

Assessment of recycling methods and processes for lithium-ion batteries

“…In the process of recycling spend LIBs, active materials such as Co and Li are transferred into solutions and alkaline leaching can be used to dissolve Al foils where the materials have not been removed from the current collectors beforehand ( Gratz et al., 2014 ). Because of the formation of resultant stable metal complexes, leaching can be utilized to dissolve specific elements like Ni and Co ( Ku et al., 2016 ; Zheng et al., 2017b ; Chen et al., 2018 ; Qi et al., 2020 ). Leaching is considered as a chemical pre-treatment process and has significant influence on the overall recovery of metals.…”

Electric potential-determined redox intermediates for effective recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries

“…In some previous studies, ammonium leaching has also been applied as a metal leaching method. 61,62 Therefore, thermodynamic calculations were also performed to investigate suitable precipitating conditions and the results are given in Fig. 5a Then its concentration decreases with further increase in the basicity of the solution.…”

Comparative effectiveness of technical and regulatory innovations to reduce the burden of electronic waste

“…We included Incandescent Bulb (IB), Compact Fluorescent Lighting (CFL), Light Emitting Diode (LED) Bulb, Mobile Phone (MP), Desktop Computer (DC), Laptop Computer (LC), Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Monitor, CRT TV, Plasma Display Panel (PDP) TV, LCD TV, Washing Machine (WM), Refrigerator (RF), Air Conditioner (AC). We also included 14 electronic components, namely, Lithium Battery (LB), Hard Disk Drive (HDD), Solid State Drive (SSD), LCD, Organic Light-emitting Diode (OLED) display, MP WPCB, DC WPCB, LC WPCB, CRT TV WPCB, PDP TV WPCB, LCD TV WPCB, WM WPCB, RF WPCB, and AC WPCB (Bahaloo-Horeh et al, 2018;Buechler et al, 2020;Chen et al, 2016;Cucchiella et al, 2015;Kang et al, 2013;Keith et al, 2008;Kim et al, 2019;Minxi Wang, 2018;Oguchi et al, 2011Oguchi et al, , 2013Priya and Hait, 2018a, b;Qi et al, 2020;Sahan et al, 2019;Yamane et al, 2011;Yeom et al, 2018). To compare different WEEE and components, we focused on data for metals because organic pollutants were not uniformly investigated across the two categories.…”