A novel ACE inhibitory peptide isolated from Acaudina molpadioidea hydrolysate

Antioxidant and antihypertensive activity of gelatin hydrolysate from Nile tilapia skin

“…Gelatin was extracted from washed fish skins added with distilled water (1:2w/v) by heating at 60°C for 1.5 h. The resulting gelatin solution was then filtered through double layer cheese cloth and lyophilized. The freeze-dried gelatin was dissolved in 0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer and hydrolyzed separately by six different protease enzymes under the previously reported conditions: alcalase (pH 7.0, 50°C), bromelain (pH 7.0, 55°C), flavourzyme (pH 7.0, 50°C), neutrase (pH 8.0, 50°C), papain (pH 6.0, 37°C) and trypsin (pH 8.0, 37°C) (Song et al 2008;Zhao et al 2009;Alemán et al 2011a;Li-Chan et al 2012). The ratio for the enzyme:substrate was 1:100 (w/w).…”

“…It was previously reported that hydrolysate from squid skin gelatin and porcine skin collagen could effectively lower blood pressure in vivo (Ichimaru et al 2009;Lin et al 2012). Zhao et al (2009) hydrolyzed sea cucumber body wall protein sequentially with bromelain and alcalase and found that protein hydrolysate with a molecular weight lower than 2 kDa had high ACE inhibition activity. Vo et al (2011) evaluated the ACE inhibitory activities of Nile tilapia gelatin using alcalase, pronase E, pepsin and trypsin.…”

Antihypertensive Properties of Plant Protein Derived Peptides

“…The classification is based on inhibitor type and substrate type, the possible conversion of peptides by ACE into peptides with weaker activity and pro-drug type inhibitors, or possible conversion of peptides into true inhibitors by ACE or gastrointestinal proteases. A delayed antihypertensive effect is characteristic for pro-drug type peptides as they need to degrade further to reach the final active form [167,168]. For instance, flaxseed protein showed pro-drug type characteristics compared to hydrolysed cationic peptide fraction [126].…”

Production and characterization of functional properties of protein hydrolysates from egg shell membranes by lactic acid bacteria fermentation

“…The ACE enzyme is known to negatively regulate the blood pressure by synthesizing angiotensin II, a vasoconstrictor and also by making the vasodilator bradykinin nonfunctional (Apud et al 2013). Many commercial ACE-inhibitors are widely used for treating hypertension, but are known to have some side effects associated with them such as cough, kidney destruction and angineurotic edema (Gu et al 2011;Zhao et al 2009). Hence, the protein hydrolysates and peptides are considered potential alternatives to the currently used ACE-inhibitors.…”