A nonflammable electrolyte for ultrahigh-voltage (4.8 V-class) Li||NCM811 cells with a wide temperature range of 100 °C

Abstract

The development of ultrahigh-voltage lithium metal batteries is one of the most promising ways to increase the energy density. However, commercial ethylene carbonate (EC)-based electrolytes have poor compatibility with both...

A functional electrolyte additive enabling robust interphases in high-voltage Li‖LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 batteries at elevated temperatures

“…In the PS electrolyte, uniform and dense lithium deposits can be observed in Fig. 3a4–c4 with various thicknesses of 6.01, 15.1 and 25.4 μm respectively, which are associated with the theoretical thickness (4.85 μm for 1 mA h cm −2 ), 9 contributing to the superior electrochemical properties.…”

“…It is more difficult to develop immature Li-rich cathodes than to improve the stability of Ni-rich cathodes at high cut-off voltages. 9 When a Li anode is paired with a Ni-rich cathode, the lithium metal batteries (LMBs) provide ultra-high energy density (500 W h kg −1 ) under high cut-off voltage conditions, 10,11 which has drawn the worldwide attention of researchers.…”

“…38,39 Meanwhile, full-fluorine electrolytes can dramatically improve the wettability and performance at ultra-high voltage while expanding the temperature scope. 9,40 Nevertheless, the aforementioned electrolytes are expensive and will further hydrolyze with trace amounts of water into radical F, which can produce more HF, eventually destroying the cathode surface. 41 Accordingly, improving the applicability of both electrodes at elevated temperatures via the electrolyte is still a major challenge, which needs further research.…”

“…9,40 Nevertheless, thea College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Xiamen 361005, China. E-mail: huangl@xmu.…”

A low-concentration all-fluorinated electrolyte for stable lithium metal batteries

“…1,2 However, LMAs experience substantial dendrite growth and interface instability, thus bringing about the limited lifespan and potential safety risks of LMAs, seriously hindering their practical application. 3,4 Recently, researchers have developed various protection strategies to obtain stable LMAs by designing lithiophilic substrates, 5,6 building artificial solid electrolyte interphases (SEIs), 7,8 controlling electrolyte composition, 9,10 and modifying external environmental conditions. 11,12 Electrolyte, which comes into direct contact with LMAs, not only determines the properties of the SEI but also significantly influences the deposition behavior of Li + .…”