A Non-enzymatic Electrochemical Sensor for Glucose Detection Based on Ag@TiO2@ Metal-Organic Framework (ZIF-67) Nanocomposite

Abstract

This work presents the preparation of an efficient and sensitive glucose sensor for the detection of glucose in an alkaline media. The glucose sensor is composed of a metal organic framework (MOF) composite comprising Ag@TiO 2 nanoparticles. The hybrid of Ag@TiO 2 encapsulated in ZIF-67 was synthesized by the solvothermal method and applied onto a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the non-enzymatic sensing of glucose. The porosity of ZIF-67 was favorable for the unhindered diffusion and entrapment of glucose and its cavities served as reaction vessels. The electrochemical behavior of Ag@TiO 2 @ZIF-67 showed amplified results when compared with that of Ag@TiO 2 and ZIF-67. Cyclic tests toward the oxidation of glucose has demonstrated excellent stability of a MOF-based hybrid sensor. The sensor based on Ag@TiO 2 @ZIF-67 showed high sensitivity of 0.788 µAµM −1 cm −2 with a linear concentration range of 48 µM −1 mM and a response time of 5 s with an excellent detection limit of 0.99 µM (S/N = 3).

Ag Functionalized In2O3 Derived From MIL-68(In) as an Efficient Electrochemical Glucose Sensor

“…Another crucial analytical factor determined by amperometric experiments is differentiating glucose in blood among other electroactive species. Glucose concentration in blood lies between 4–7 mM, depending on the physiological condition of the person ( Arif et al, 2020 ). Certain interfering species are present along with glucose in the blood with 30–50 times less concentration than glucose, but their presence can influence glucose detection.…”

Glucose Detection Devices and Methods Based on Metal–Organic Frameworks and Related Materials

“…Arif et al prepared another nanocomposite of Ag@ TiO 2 @ZIF-67 (Co-based MOF). [89] The ZIF-67 acted as the chief catalyst for the oxidation of glucose, while Ag@TiO 2 cooperatively enhanced the electron transfer process. An Ag@TiO 2 @ ZIF-67-modified GCE showed improved analytical performance and high stability.…”

“…The various types of MOFs-composites sensors together with their analytical performance are summarised in Table 2. [86,87,96,[88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95]…”

Fourth‐generation glucose sensors composed of copper nanostructures for diabetes management: A critical review

“…The immobilization of enzymes on the conducting electrode's surface is complex, and its quantity cannot be precisely controlled. The high cost, complicated fabrication procedure, short shelf life, and poor reproducibility of enzyme-based glucose sensors have always been challenging for researchers [52,53]. A description of enzymatic glucose oxidation mechanisms, viewed as first, second, and third-generation sensors, is depicted in (Fig.…”

“…The high cost, complicated fabrication procedure, short shelf life, and poor reproducibility of enzyme‐based glucose sensors have always been challenging for researchers. 52 , 53 A description of enzymatic glucose oxidation mechanisms, viewed as first‐, second‐, and third‐generation sensors, is depicted in Figure 1 . 3 The aforementioned disadvantages of EGS attracted researchers to develop fourth‐generation metal‐based enzyme‐free glucose sensors (FGGS) 54 , 55 , 56 that oxidize glucose directly on the electrode surface.…”