“…Thereafter, other flavonoids (TED 13, and ZTF 1016) previously isolated and characterized from plant extracts (see Fig. 1 ) were considered [ 33 , 34 ]. Fig.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…1 Structures of flavonoids used in this study include quercetin, TED 13, and ZTF 1016. TED 13 was isolated from plant extracts [ 33 , 34 ]. ZTF 1016 was recently isolated from Erythrina abyssinica and has not been published …”
Flavonoids are a class of secondary plant metabolites with low molecular weights. Most flavonoids are highly polar and unsuitable for gas chromatographic analyses. Derivatization is commonly used to make them amenable to gas chromatography by altering their physicochemical properties. Although highly effective, derivatization techniques introduce extra preparation steps and often use hazardous chemicals. The aim of this study was to automate derivatization (specifically, silylation) by developing 3D printed microfluidic devices in which derivatization of flavonoids can occur. A microfluidic device was designed and 3D printed using clear polypropylene. Quercetin and other flavonoids (TED 13 and ZTF 1016) isolated from plant extracts were silylated with N-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide (MTBSTFA) at room temperature both in batch and in continuous flow. All the samples were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and high-resolution accurate mass spectrometry (HR-MS). Interestingly, the HR-MS results showed that the flow method was about 25 times more efficient than the batch method for quercetin samples. The TED 13 flavonoid was completely derivatized in the flow method compared to the batch method where the reaction was incomplete. Similar results were observed for ZTF 1016, where the flow method resulted in a four times derivatized compound, while the compound was only derivatized once in batch. In conclusion, 3D printed microfluidic devices have been developed and used to demonstrate a semi-automated, inexpensive, and more efficient natural product derivatization method based on continuous flow chemistry as an alternative to the traditional batch method.
“…Thereafter, other flavonoids (TED 13, and ZTF 1016) previously isolated and characterized from plant extracts (see Fig. 1 ) were considered [ 33 , 34 ]. Fig.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…1 Structures of flavonoids used in this study include quercetin, TED 13, and ZTF 1016. TED 13 was isolated from plant extracts [ 33 , 34 ]. ZTF 1016 was recently isolated from Erythrina abyssinica and has not been published …”
Flavonoids are a class of secondary plant metabolites with low molecular weights. Most flavonoids are highly polar and unsuitable for gas chromatographic analyses. Derivatization is commonly used to make them amenable to gas chromatography by altering their physicochemical properties. Although highly effective, derivatization techniques introduce extra preparation steps and often use hazardous chemicals. The aim of this study was to automate derivatization (specifically, silylation) by developing 3D printed microfluidic devices in which derivatization of flavonoids can occur. A microfluidic device was designed and 3D printed using clear polypropylene. Quercetin and other flavonoids (TED 13 and ZTF 1016) isolated from plant extracts were silylated with N-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide (MTBSTFA) at room temperature both in batch and in continuous flow. All the samples were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and high-resolution accurate mass spectrometry (HR-MS). Interestingly, the HR-MS results showed that the flow method was about 25 times more efficient than the batch method for quercetin samples. The TED 13 flavonoid was completely derivatized in the flow method compared to the batch method where the reaction was incomplete. Similar results were observed for ZTF 1016, where the flow method resulted in a four times derivatized compound, while the compound was only derivatized once in batch. In conclusion, 3D printed microfluidic devices have been developed and used to demonstrate a semi-automated, inexpensive, and more efficient natural product derivatization method based on continuous flow chemistry as an alternative to the traditional batch method.
“…Products with safety and e cacy based on natural bioactive compounds in cosmetics remain scarce, other natural anti-skin agents need to be investigated. P. aurantiacum (PA) is a plant belonging to the Hyperaceae family, typically growing in the mountainous areas, forests and savannah regions in all tropical regions of Africa (Téné et al, 2022). It is used in folk medicine as a febrifuge, as a purgative, and for the treatment of skin disorders including craw-craw and itchy skin.…”
The hexane fraction of Psorospermum aurantiacum (PA) was found to prevent photoaging in skin cells lines. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the anti-skin aging potentials of compounds isolated from this bioactive fraction using in- silico and in- vitro models. Compounds were isolated by column chromatography and their structures were determined using spectroscopic techniques. A molecular docking was conducted to determine the interactions of compounds with selected targets: Elastase, 15-lipoxygenase, activator protein-1, Nuclear Factor Kappa B involved in skin aging processes. Furthermore, the in-vitro anti-elastase and anti-tyrosinase activities of compounds and their anti-inflammatory effect were evaluated on 15-lipoxygenase and nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Chromatographic purification of PA yielded three known compounds namely 3-geranyloxyemodinanthrone (1), 3-geranyloxyemodine (2) and lupeol (3) were identified, and in-slico study showed that (3) (− 12.83 kcal/mol) had high affinity with elastase while (2) (− 8.98 kcal/mol) effectively interacted with lipoxygenase. The in vitro assays revealed that (1) possessed high anti-tyrosinase activity (IC50 = 65.00 µg/mL) and anti-lipoxygenase activity (IC50 = 35.35 µg/mL) as compared with vitamin C (IC50 = 48.85 µg/mL) and quercetin (IC50 = 26.79 µg/mL) respectively. Additionally, (3) showed a high percentage of elastase inhibition (88.09%) at 10 µg/mL and also inhibited NO production with IC50 of 28.74 µg/mL compared to quercetin (IC50 = 15.13 µg/ mL). Compounds 1 and 3 showed anti-elastase, anti-tyrosinase and anti-inflammatory properties through in vitro study. Molecular docking results confirmed the elastase inhibitory activity demonstrated by 3. These compounds could be incorporated skin care products after further studies.
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