A new venture with sclerotherapy in an oral vascular lesion

Abstract

Vascular malformations are one of the most common lesions of the oral cavity. The lesion may be a congenital malformation observed in neonates or arteriovenous malformation observed in adults. Various surgical and medical managements are possible for vascular lesions which include surgical excision, laser therapy, cryotherapy, selective embolization, intralesional sclerosing agents, β-blockers and steroid therapy. Here we report a case of oral vascular lesion where intralesional injection with 30 mg/ml of sodium tetradecyl sulfate (STS) was given, which resulted in local complications with severe inflammatory response including pain, swelling, and surface ulceration that remained for 2 weeks. Sclerotherapy with STS still remain an effective agent in treating benign oral vascular lesions and provides alternative or support for surgical methods. Sometimes it can lead to undesirable complications like allergic reactions, local inflammatory response, etc.

Intramuscular hemangioma of masseter muscle in an 8-year-old patient – Advanced imaging investigations and management

“…According to the retrospective study done by Stimpsons P, et al to treat children presenting with venous malformations of head and neck using intralesional STS, it was concluded that intralesional STS therapy offers an effective treatment option and a single treatment may be adequate for smaller lesions [14]. Complications associated with STS sclerotherapy are post-operative pain, burning sensation and infection at the site of injection, anaphylactic reaction, tissue necrosis, and sloughing [15,16]. In a more recent study Khandpur and Sharma performed sclerotherapy with 3% STS in 13 patients with venous malformation and microcystic lymphatic malformation and observed that the lesion regressed by 90-100% in 11 cases after a mean of four injections [17].…”

Utility of sodium tetradecyl sulfate sclerotherapy from benign oral vascular lesion

“…Furthermore, the procedure is simple, less invasive, and inexpensive. By using sclerotherapy, it is possible to receive treatment as an outpatient [3, 4]. However, sclerotherapy should be performed with care, because it can cause complications such as pulmonary embolism, anaphylaxis, nerve damage, increased pain, and disseminated intravascular coagulation [3].…”

“…Craniofacial region is the most affected site (60 %) [2]. Hemangioma in oral cavity may include pain, hemorrhage, secondary infection, ulcerative lesion, and tissue transformation [3–5]. …”

Intralesional Sclerotherapy Using Absolute Alcohol for Management of Haemangioma

“…Many different sclerosing agents are used [6,7]. Among these are sodium tetradecyl sulfate (3% sterol), sodium morrhuate, sodium citrate, monoethanolamine oleate, invert sugar, boiling water and sodium phyllite [8,9,10]. This case report of a haemangioma of the right upper lip, successfully treated with an injection of absolute alcohol (98%) continued with reconstruction surgery.…”