A new variation in coronary artery anatomy: type VII dual left anterior descending artery

A new anomaly of the left anterior descending artery: Type X dual LAD

“…In spite of the fact that four subtypes of dual LAD had initially been described by Spindola-Franco based on morphoanatomical features of the coronary arteries, five additional subtypes including new variant of type 7 were later published as shown in Table 1 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. Diagonal and septal branching patterns may be different among the dual LAD anomalies.…”

“…However, coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) imaging allows clinicians to notice other variants of dual LAD anomaly in current era 3 . Uptil date, 9 types of dual LAD variants detected from not only classical coronary angiogram but also CCTA imaging have been reported 2, 3, 4, 5, 6…”

A case of dual left anterior descending artery with myocardial infarction

“…In 2015, Saglam et al 7 examined a 53 years old male that presented a history of chest pain and found a novel dual LAD artery anomaly, which was classified as Type-VII. In this type, a long LAD artery originated from the right coronary sinus and coursed intramyocardially within the septal crest, and entered the anterior interventricular groove.…”

“…2,[4][5][6][7] In most cases, the presence of dual LAD was detected on CT-angiography in patients presented with complaints of angina and chest pain. 2,[4][5][6][7] Nikolić et al 8 stated, in their autopsy study, that myocardial bridging of coronary arteries in type-3 dual LAD has a protective role in the development of atherosclerosis, though the probability of developing atherosclerosis is equal in both the arteries of dual LAD. However, this case describes a Type-1 dual LAD and it highlights the role of the location of critical coronary atherosclerotic stenosis, or the occlusive thrombus, in the development of myocardial infarction despite the presence of dual LAD.…”

Types of Dual LAD—Nomenclature confusion!!!

“…In the Type 7 Dual LAD, both the short and long LAD arises from proper LAD. However in the variant of Type 7 mentioned, 2 short LAD arises from LMCA where as long LAD arises from right coronary sinus. We do not find any reference from Type 7, Type 8 and Type 9 Dual LAD.…”