A new type of a large-area multi-touch tactile device operated by electrotactile stimulation

Electrotactile feedback applications for hand and arm interactions: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and future directions

“…Most haptic interfaces are therefore designed and developed for the fingers and the hands [6], [8]. In this respect, Kaczmarek et al, (2017) found that users Acceptability/Suitability [17], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28] [22], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34] 1 -21 [35], [36], [37], [38], [39] [22], [33], [34], [40] 1 -21 Free Electrodes; Touchpad; Armband None; Prosthetic hand Index & Middle Fingertip; Forearm; Palm Touch Rendering [20], [24], [41], [42], [43], [44] [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50] [19], [51], [52], [53], [54], [ Texture Rendering [19], [54], [56], [57], [58], [59], [60], [61] [14], [...…”

“…Furthermore, on electrotactile touchpads, users who were receiving the electrotactile feedback on the interactive index fingertip reported a high acceptability, as well as an easiness to differentiate the intensity of stimulation [30]. Using a comparable haptic display, the finger tracking was evaluated as highly accurate [67].…”

Electrotactile feedback applications for hand and arm interactions: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and future directions

“…Most haptic interfaces are therefore designed and developed for the fingers and the hands [6], [8]. In this respect, Kaczmarek et al, (2017) found that users Acceptability/Suitability [17], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28] [22], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34] 1 -21 Tactile Sensation [35], [36], [37], [38], [39] [22], [33], [34], [40] 1 -21 Free Electrodes; Touchpad; Armband None; Prosthetic hand Index & Middle Fingertip; Forearm; Palm Touch Rendering [20], [24], [41], [42], [43], [44] [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50] [19], [51], [52], [53], [54], [55] were able to accurately differentiate the frequency and intensity of electrotactile feedback on middle fingertip [27]. Notably, the acceptability of receiving electrotactile feedback on the index fingertip has been examined and confirmed by two user studies with an adequate sample size (e.g., N = 15 or 21) [24], [25].…”

The Impact of Stimulation Intensity on Spatial Discrimination with Multi-Pad Finger Electrode

“…This technology has been traditionally used for sensory communication in different areas of rehabilitation engineering [1,2], for instance, to restore somatosensory feedback in upper [3,4] and lower [5] limb myoelectric prostheses, to provide vestibular substitution for patients with balance dysfunction [6], and to implement auditory prostheses [7,8] and assistive devices for the visually impaired [9][10][11][12][13]. Recently, electrotactile interfaces have penetrated the emerging applications [1] that have so far been dominated by other haptic modalities, such as provision of tactile sensations in augmented/virtual reality [14][15][16], design of multi-touch panels [17], and conveying feedback to the human operator in teleoperation [18]. Favorable physical characteristics (low power consumption, simple fabrication, fast response) combined with the possibility of modulating multiple stimulation parameters (e.g., pulse width, amplitude, frequency, and location) independently and simultaneously, allow the designing of compact and high-resolution electrotactile displays.…”