A New Triterpene Saponin from Pittosporum viridiflorum from the Madagascar Rainforest

Seo, Youngwan; Berger, John M.; Hoch, Jeannine; Neddermann, Kim M.; Bursuker, Isia; Mamber, Stephen W.; Kingston, David G. I.

doi:10.1021/np010327t

Cited by 53 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…A methanol extract of the leaves from a related species P. lanatum was toxic to brine shrimp (LC 50 , 27.4 µg/mL) and had a comparable antiplasmodial activity (IC 50 , 24.2 µg/mL) (Wanyoike et al, 2004). In our laboratory, chromatographic analysis on TLC of the methanol and water extracts of the leaves of P. viridiflorum revealed the presence of triterpene saponins and this is in conformity with the findings of Seo et al (2002) and Koch et al (2005). It is unknown whether inhibition is due to a specific antiplasmodial action or general cytotoxicity but the in vivo test with a lower dose retains the activity without apparent toxicity in mice, which suggests that the toxic compounds could be different from active constituents.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Antimalarial activity of some plants traditionally used in Meru district of Kenya

Muthaura

Rukunga

Chhabra

et al. 2007

Phytotherapy Research

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Ten plant extracts commonly used by the Meru community of Kenya were evaluated for the in vitro antiplasmodial, in vivo antimalarial, cytotoxicity and animal toxicity activities. The water and methanol extracts of Ludwigia erecta and the methanol extracts of Fuerstia africana and Schkuhria pinnata exhibited high antiplasmodial activity (IC(50) < 5 microg/mL) against chloroquine sensitive (D6) and resistant (W2) Plasmodium falciparum clones. The cytotoxicity of these highly active extracts on Vero E6 cells were in the range 161.5-4650.0 microg/mL with a selectivity index (SI) of 124.2-3530.7. In vivo studies of these extracts showed less activity with chemosuppression of parasitaemia in Plasmodium berghei infected mice of 49.64-65.28%. The methanol extract of Clerodendrum eriophyllum with a lower in vitro activity (IC(50) 9.51-10.56 microg/mL) exhibited the highest chemosuppression of 90.13%. The methanol and water extracts of Pittosporum viridiflorum were toxic to mice but at a lower dose prolonged survival of P. berghei infected mice (p < 0.05) with no overt signs of toxicity. However, the extracts were cytotoxic (SI, 0.96-2.51) on Vero E6 cells. These results suggest that there is potential to isolate active non-toxic antimalarial principles from these plants.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Antimalarial activity of some plants traditionally used in Meru district of Kenya

Muthaura

Rukunga

Chhabra

et al. 2007

Phytotherapy Research

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“…belongs to the succulent genus Gasteria (Aloaceae) which comprises 16 species and is endemic to South Africa, with its main centre of distribution in the savanna region of the Eastern Cape (Dagne et al, 1996). Pittosporum viridiflorum Sims, (Pittosporaceae) is a shrub used in traditional medicine to treat fever, malaria, inflammation and stomach ache and as an antidote for insect bites (Seo et al, 2002). A number of investigations have been performed on P. viridiflorum indicating that its leaves possess antimicrobial properties and contains compounds such as volatiles monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and cytotoxic saponins (Seo et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pittosporum viridiflorum Sims, (Pittosporaceae) is a shrub used in traditional medicine to treat fever, malaria, inflammation and stomach ache and as an antidote for insect bites (Seo et al, 2002). A number of investigations have been performed on P. viridiflorum indicating that its leaves possess antimicrobial properties and contains compounds such as volatiles monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and cytotoxic saponins (Seo et al, 2002). Based on our previous ethnobotanical survey (Otang et al, 2012), the above medicinal plants were commonly cited by human immune deficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients and traditional healers for their usage in the management of symptoms of opportunistic fungal infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on our previous ethnobotanical survey (Otang et al, 2012), the above medicinal plants were commonly cited by human immune deficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients and traditional healers for their usage in the management of symptoms of opportunistic fungal infections. The in vitro antifungal activity of these plants has also been investigated (Seo et al, 2002;Sultana et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of potential toxicity of three South African medicinal plants using the brine shrimp (Artemia salina) assay

Otang¹

2013

Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.

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As the use of medicinal plants increases, screening of their toxicity is crucial to guarantee the safety of the users. Hexane and acetone extracts of three South African plants, traditionally used for the management of opportunistic fungal infections in human immune deficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients were assayed for toxicity to hatching and larval mortality of Artemia salina. Lowest percentage values of hatching success were observed in cysts incubated with hexane and acetone extracts of Arctotis arctotoides, respectively and were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than that of the positive control (amphotericin B). Based on Meyer's toxicity index, both extracts of Pittosporum viridiflorum and the acetone extract of A. arctotoides with LC 50 values > 1 mg/ml were considered as non-toxic and may be further explored for development of plant-based pharmaceuticals. The hexane and acetone extracts of A. arctotoides and the hexane extract of Gasteria bicolor with LC 50 values < 1 mg/ml have shown significant biological activity, indicative of the presence of potent cytotoxic components which warrant further investigation. The in vivo lethality of A. salina has been used as a convenient toxicological screening system, while the resistance to harmful effects by Artemia cysts made the hatchability assay less desirable than the lethality test.

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“…The bioactivities of the isolated saponins have not yet been tested [58] [515]. Pittoviridoside (111) from Pittosporum viridiflorum showed weak cytotoxicity against A 2780 (human ovarian cancer) cell line with an IC 50 value of 10.1 mg/ml [59].…”

Section: Acacia Concinnamentioning

confidence: 99%

Naturally Occurring Triterpenoid Saponins

Dinda

Debnath²,

Mohanta

et al. 2010

Chemistry & Biodiversity

133

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Naturally occurring new triterpenoid saponins reported from mid-1996 to March, 2007 are reviewed including their physical constants and plant sources, and are compiled in Table 1. New saponins are arranged in Table 1 on the basis of the skeletal structures of their aglycones, e.g., oleanane type, ursane type, lupane type, hopane type, taraxastane type, cycloartane type, lanostane type, tirucallane type, dammarane type, cucurbitane type, and holostane type. The known triterpenoid saponins and prosapogenins of the new saponins, the biological and pharmacological activities of which were published during 1996-2007, are also reviewed together with their plant sources listed in Table 2 according to the skeletal structures of their aglycones in the same fashion as in Table 1. The plant and animal sources of both new and known bioactive triterpenoid saponins are collected in Table 3 in alphabetical order. The biological and pharmacological activities such as antiallergic, antiatherosclerosis and antiplatelet, antibacterial, anticomplementary, antidiabetic, contraceptive, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antileishmanial, antimalarial/antiplasmodial, anti-obesity, anti-proliferative, antipsoriatic, antispasmodic, antisweet, antiviral, cytotoxic/antitumor, detoxication, gastroprotective, haemolytic, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, anti-enzyme, anti-osteoporotic, insecticidal, insulin-like, membrane-porosity, molluscicidal, neuropharmacological, anti-endothelial dysfunction, snake venom antidote, and sweet activities of these saponins or derived prosapogenins are discussed briefly after Table 3.

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A New Triterpene Saponin from Pittosporum viridiflorum from the Madagascar Rainforest

Cited by 53 publications

References 17 publications

Antimalarial activity of some plants traditionally used in Meru district of Kenya

Antimalarial activity of some plants traditionally used in Meru district of Kenya

Assessment of potential toxicity of three South African medicinal plants using the brine shrimp (Artemia salina) assay

Naturally Occurring Triterpenoid Saponins

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