A New Technique for Examining Surface Morphosculpture of Scorpions

Volschenk, Erich S.

doi:10.1636/s03-047.1

Cited by 39 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The morphological examination and measurements were conducted using a Nikon SMZ-1500 stereomicroscope with the aid of visible and UV light, which provides more detailed information regarding the external morphology of the epicuticle (Volschenk, 2005). Photographs were taken under UV and visible light using a Microptics TM ML-1000 digital imaging system.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Revision of the Troglomorphic North American Scorpion Family Typhlochactidae (Scorpiones: Chactoidea)

Vignoli

Prendini

2009

Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History

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The scorpion family Typhlochactidae Mitchell, 1971, endemic to eastern Mexico, comprises nine troglomorphic species specialized for life in hypogean and endogean habitats. Due to their cryptic ecology, inaccessible habitat, and apparently low population density, Typhlochactidae are poorly known. Only 29 specimens have been collected in 40 years. Four species are known from a single specimen, two species are known only from the male and three only from the female. We provide an illustrated revision of the family based on a reexamination of most specimens in the world's collections, including new specimens collected after the original descriptions and older specimens not previously described. Based on results of a recent cladistic analysis, Typhlochactidae are elevated, for the first time, from their former rank as subfamily, first of Chactidae and, more recently, of Superstitioniidae. Alacraninae, new subfamily is created to accommodate Alacran Francke, 1982. Stygochactas, new genus, is created to accommodate Typhlochactas granulosus Sissom and Cokendolpher, 1998 in a new combination. Sotanochactas Francke, 1986, Stygochactas andTyphlochactas Mitchell, 1971 are retained in subfamily Typhlochactinae . Diagnoses of the family and subfamilies are presented, followed by a key to the genera and species, revised diagnoses of the genera, revised diagnoses and descriptions, tabulated meristic data, and distribution maps of the species. Descriptions and diagnoses are illustrated with ultraviolet fluorescence and visible light photographs, providing a visual atlas to the morphology of these remarkable scorpions. A review of their taxonomic history is provided, the importance of trichobothriotaxy for their systematics discussed, and several misconceptions in the literature clarified.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Revision of the Troglomorphic North American Scorpion Family Typhlochactidae (Scorpiones: Chactoidea)

Vignoli

Prendini

2009

Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History

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“…The technique for examining the exomorphology of the scorpion epicuticle is described in detail elsewhere. 16 The images of the dorsal surface of the mesosoma were taken with an Olympus stereo microscope. Ultraviolet illumination was provided from portable blacklight units normally utilized in field detection and collection of scorpions.…”

Section: Feature Extraction Of Erosion Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Erosion Resistance of Bionic Functional Surfaces Inspired from Desert Scorpions

Han

Zhang

et al. 2012

Langmuir

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In this paper, a bionic method is presented to improve the erosion resistance of machine components. Desert scorpion (Androctonus australis) is a typical animal living in sandy deserts, and may face erosive action of blowing sand at a high speed. Based on the idea of bionics and biologic experimental techniques, the mechanisms of the sand erosion resistance of desert scorpion were investigated. Results showed that the desert scorpions used special microtextures such as bumps and grooves to construct the functional surfaces to achieve the erosion resistance. In order to understand the erosion resistance mechanisms of such functional surfaces, the combination of computational and experimental research were carried out in this paper. The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method was applied to predict the erosion performance of the bionic functional surfaces. The result demonstrated that the microtextured surfaces exhibited better erosion resistance than the smooth surfaces. The further erosion tests indicated that the groove surfaces exhibited better erosion performance at 30° injection angle. In order to determine the effect of the groove dimensions on the erosion resistance, regression analysis of orthogonal multinomials was also performed under a certain erosion condition, and the regression equation between the erosion rate and groove distance, width, and height was established.

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“…UV fluorescence images were taken to enhance visualization of surface macrosculpture (Prendini, 2003;Volschenk, 2005). Scanning electron micrographs of pectines were taken using a Zeiss EVO60 VPSEM at the AMNH and a ZEISS DSM 940 at the Instituto de Biociencias, Universidade de São Paulo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%