A new species of Tmesiphantes (Araneae, Theraphosidae) from the state of Pará, Brazil

Abstract

ABSTRACT.A new species of Tmesiphantes Simon, 1892, T. aridai sp. nov., is described and illustrated based on three males and three females collected at the Floresta Nacional do Tapajós, Santarém, state of Pará, Brazil. Males can be distinguished from T. perp Guadanucci & Silva, 2012 by the palpal bulb with an inconspicous tegular basal projection, but presenting a very slender embolus with shorter keels not extending to the tip, and from T. nubilus Simon, 1892 by the tibial apophysis with two similarly sized branches, the prolateral one with a strong spine on the retrolateral margin. Females resemble T. nubilus by the aspect of the seminal receptacle but the constriction near the apex is less evident and apex shape is irregular. The new species represents the first record of Tmesiphantes from the Amazonian region, bringing the total number of species to eight. KEYWORDS.Brazilian Amazon rainforest, Floresta Nacional do Tapajós, spider, taxonomy, Theraphosinae. RESUMO. Uma nova espécie deTmesiphantes (Araneae, Theraphosidae) do Estado do Pará, Brasil. Uma nova espécie de Tmesiphantes Simon, 1892, T. aridai sp. nov., é descrita e ilustrada baseada em três machos e três fêmeas coletadas na Floresta Nacional do Tapajós, Santarém, Estado do Pará, Brasil. Os machos distinguem se de T. perp Guadanucci & Silva, 2012 pelo aspecto do palpo copulador com uma projeção tegular basal inconspícua, apresentando um êmbolo muito delgado, com quilhas mais curtas, não se estendendo até o ápice, e distinguem se de T. nubilus Simon, 1892 pela apófise tibial com dois ramos de tamanho semelhante, o prolateral com um forte espinho na margem retrolateral. As fêmeas se assemelham a T. nubilus pelo aspecto dos receptáculos seminais, porém com uma constrição menos evidente e formato do ápice irregular. A nova espécie representa o primeiro registro de Tmesiphantes para a região amazônica, elevando para oito o número de espécies conhecidas.

Bistriopelma, a new genus with two new species from Peru (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Theraphosinae)

“…While Bistriopelma gen. nov. inhabits Puna biogeographical province in the Peruvian Andes and Melloleitaoina, a closely related genus to Tmesiphantes (Pérez-Miles et al 1996;Yamamoto et al 2007), the adjacent Yungas and Monte biogeographical provinces in the northern Argentina , the genera Tmesiphantes and Magulla are known only from the Xingu-Tapajós, Atlantic and Parana Forest biogeographical provinces in the most eastern Brazilian states (Yamamoto et al 2007;Indicatti et al 2008;Guadanucci & Silva 2012;Bertani et al 2013;Gonzales-Filho et al 2014;Fabiano-da-Silva et al 2015). Fabiano-da-Silva et al (2015) examined all species of the genera Tmesiphantes and Melloleitaoina and the authors are persuaded that all previous diagnoses fail to separate them from each other due to interspecific morphological variations and it is very likely that these two genera are synonym.…”

“…Bistriopelma gen. nov. can be distinguished from Tmesiphantes by the urticating setae arranged in two dorsolateral patches (contra one patch in Tmesiphantes, except for T. hypogeus -see the Discussion), the absence of sexual dimorphism in urticating setae (only type III setae in both sexes of Bistriopelma gen. nov. contra setae of the type III or III+IV in males and type IV in females in Tmesiphantes nubilus, T. caymmii and T. aridai (Yamamoto et al 2007;Gonzales-Filho et al 2014) or type IV in males and type III in females in Tmesiphantes riopretano and T. perp (Guadanucci & Silva 2012)), furthermore by the well-developed scopulae on metatarsi I and II covering 90−100% of this leg segment (contra 0−50% in metatarsi I and 0−30% in metatarsi II in Tmesiphantes) and the presence of scopulae on metatarsi IV covering 25−30% of this leg segment in Bistriopelma gen. Bistriopelma gen. nov. can be distinguished from Melloleitaoina by the urticating setae arranged in two dorsolateral patches (contra one patch in Melloleitaoina), the absence of sexual dimorphism in urticating setae (only type III setae in both sexes of Bistriopelma gen. nov. contra setae of intermediate morphology between the types III and IV in males and type IV setae in females in Melloleitaoina uru and M. yupanqui (Pera-Perafán & Pérez-Miles 2014)), furthermore by the well-developed scopulae on metatarsi I and II covering 90−100% of this leg segment (contra 5−50% in metatarsi I and 5−30% in metatarsi II in Melloleitaoina) and the presence of scopulae on metatarsi IV covering 25−30% of this leg segment in Bistriopelma gen. nov. but absent in Melloleitaoina. Males of Bistriopelma gen. nov. can be distinguished from Melloleitaoina by the mutual position of PS and PI keel which are in close proximity in Bistriopelma gen. nov. (Figures 9−10) but widely separated in Melloleitaoina (Perafán & Pérez-Miles 2014: figures 3−5, 9−10, 16−17, 26−27).…”