A New Species ofSpatuloricariaSchultz, 1944 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae), from the Orinoco River Basin, Colombia

Ictiofauna de la subcuenca urbana del río Ocoa, drenaje superior del río Meta, cuenca del Orinoco, Colombia

“…caucana were possibly introduced deliberately by aquarists (Claro-García et al, 2017). Previous fish assessments in foothill rivers in the region did not report introduced species (Urbano- Bonilla et al, 2009Bonilla et al, , 2018Ramírez-Gil et al, 2011;Maldonado-Ocampo et al, 2013;Zamudio et al 2017Zamudio et al , 2021, this being the first records of their presence, highlighting the environmental deterioration of this river to the detriment of native species.…”

“…The Poecilidae family was the most representative, The captured fish were anesthetized and sacrificed in a clove oil solution (Eugenol 300 mg/l), fixed in 10% formaldehyde, and preserved in 70% ethanol. For species identification, specialized taxonomic keys, original descriptions, and taxonomic revisions were used (e.g., Eigenmann & Fisher, 1916;Eigenmann, 1917Eigenmann, , 1922Myers, 1927;Schultz, 1944;Nijssen & Isbrücker, 1980;Mees, 1988;Vari, 1991;Lasso & Machado-Allison, 2000;Mago-Leccia et al, 2001;Taphorn, 2003;Londoño-Burbano et al, 2011Ballen & Vari, 2012;Ballen et al, 2016;Marinho & Menezesm 2017;Armbruster et al, 2018;Kullander et al, 2018;Urbano-Bonilla et al, 2018;Urbano-Bonilla & Ballen, 2021;Lima, 2022). The taxonomic status of species was validated in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes (Fricke et al,202 ), and to verify the presence of these species in the national territory, the list of freshwater fish species of Colombia (DoNascimiento et al, 2021), was reviewed.…”

“…The Meta River is one of the largest tributaries of the Orinoco River, with a basin that covers 10830.4 km 2 (Machado-Allison et al, 2010), sheltering a richness of 577 fish species (Usma et al, 2016), equivalent to 79.3% of the native species of the Orinoco (DoNascimiento, 2021). Previous studies have documented the fish fauna of tributaries originating in the foothill part of this basin, with 115 species reported for the Cusiana, 96 for the Cravo Sur River, 49 for the Túa River, 45 for the Upía River and 10 for the Guachiría River (Urbano-Bonilla et al, 2009), and 113 species in the Orotoy River (Ramírez-Gil et al, 2011), 180 for the Pauto River (Maldonado-Ocampo et al, 2013), 241 for the Cusiana River (Urbano-Bonilla et al, 2018) and 180 for the Casanare River (Zamudio et al, 2017). However, there are still information gaps for some drainages and small streams in the upper Meta River (Zamudio & Maldonado-Ocampo, 2021), an area highly impacted by changes in land use (e.g., deforestation, agriculture, livestock, hydrocarbon exploitation, and urbanization), and biodiversity loss (Machado-Allison et al, 2010).…”

Peces de la cuenca del río Cravo Sur una aproximación al estado actual de su conocimiento

“…Con la realización de exploraciones científicas en la red hídrica del Casanare se han descrito especies nuevas de ronchos (Chaetostoma joropo Ballen et al, 2016; Chatostoma chimu Urbano-Bonilla y Ballen 2020), alcaldes (Spatuloricaria terracanticum) (Londoño-Burbano et al, 2018), bagres ciegos (Cetopsis varii) (Abrahão y de Pinna, 2018) y sardinas (Pristella ariporo) (Conde-Saldaña et al, 2019). Recientes incursiones en acuí-feros, asociados a la cuenca del río Cravo Sur, revelan la presencia de bagres subterráneos desconocidos para la ciencia y conocidos por unos pocos pobladores del piedemonte llanero (Phreatobius spp., en proceso de descripción).…”