A new species of Ephemerellomyces from North America highlights its morphological plasticity and possible intergeneric similarities with other Harpellales

Kandel, Prasanna; White, Merlin M.

doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2011.10.003

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Post extrusion, the young germling might be established with a larger overall cytoplasmic mass that enhances their capacity for successful growth and development. This is an important facet of the gut fungus life cycle, which is time-constrained by the molting periodicity of the host (Kandel and White 2012). Coiled zygospores do not seem to have the thickened walls of their conically shaped counterparts, at least as evidenced by light microscopy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As is the case for trichospores, dispersal mechanisms for the zygospores remain to be more fully understood. Evidence is lacking regarding the exact response of spores to ingestion by an appropriate host and subsequent germination of the spore within the host digestive tract (but see Kandel and White 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some cases, we consolidated our records from review of photomicrographs on either negative or positive film, or commonly from digital images if documented from LCB-stained slides that were reviewed for this study. Thus, vouchers were either documented live, at the time of dissection, or after fixation and staining on slides (see Kim and Adler 2007;Kandel and White 2012 for comments on effects of staining and fixation). For details of the collections, hosts, and equipment used, see Williams and Lichtwardt (1987), Lichtwardt et al (1991Lichtwardt et al ( , 2001a, Strongman andWhite (2006, 2008), White et al (2006c), andStrongman (2007).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…White et al (2006b) reviewed ovarian cysts known for certain species of the Harpellales, which are dispersed by adults of dipterans such as black flies. Kandel and White (2012) detailed the trichospore (asexual spore) as a unit and showed how it is integral to the life history and early development of the thallus inside the host gut, as well as an example of potential remarkable plasticity in form, as especially exhibited by the species Ephemerellomyces kandelii Kandel & M.M. White from Idaho.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New species and emendations of Orphella: taxonomic and phylogenetic reassessment of the genus to establish the Orphellales, for stonefly gut fungi with a twist

White

Valle²,

Lichtwardt

et al. 2018

Mycologia

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We consolidate and present data for the sexual stages of five North American species of Orphella, fungal members of trichomycetes previously classified within Harpellales. Three species emendations accommodate the newly recognized characters, including not only the coiled zygospores and accompanying cells but also other morphological traits not provided in the original descriptions for O. avalonensis, O. haysii, and O. hiemalis. We describe three new species, Orphella cataloochensis from both the Smoky Mountains in USA and two provinces in Canada as well as O. pseudoavalonensis and O. pseudohiemalis, both from the Cascade Range, in Oregon, USA. Key morphological features for all known species are summarized and reviewed, with illustrations of some of the North American taxa to update and supplement the literature. The entire suite of morphological characters is discussed, with emphasis on species relationships and hypotheses on possible vicariant origins. We also present a molecular phylogeny based on nuc rDNA 18S and 28S, which supports Orphella as a lineage distinct from Harpellales, and we establish a new order, Orphellales, for it. With the combination of sexual features, now known for 12 of the 14 species of Orphella, and new molecular data, the group is now better characterized, facilitating and hopefully also promoting future studies toward a better understanding of their relationships, origins, and evolutionary history as stonefly gut–dwelling fungi.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New species and emendations of Orphella: taxonomic and phylogenetic reassessment of the genus to establish the Orphellales, for stonefly gut fungi with a twist

White

Valle²,

Lichtwardt

et al. 2018

Mycologia

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“…The former were selected because they drain high use agricultural areas (Table ) and fungicides have been detected in each stream throughout the growing season (Reilly et al ., , b). The latter were selected because they are known to contain insect larvae with robust and well‐characterized populations of gut fungi (Bench and White, ; Kandel and White, ). The reference locations were also chosen based on proximity, accessibility, and, as much as possible, similarity to each other in terms of riparian vegetation and streambed substrate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Potential Effects of Fungicides on Nontarget Gut Fungi (Trichomycetes) and Their Associated Larval Black Fly Hosts

Wilson

Smalling

Reilly

et al. 2014

J American Water Resour Assoc

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Fungicides are moderately hydrophobic and have been detected in water and sediment, particularly in agricultural watersheds, but typically are not included in routine water quality monitoring efforts. This is despite their widespread use and frequent application to combat fungal pathogens. Whereas the efficacy of these compounds on fungal pathogens is well documented, little is known about their effects on nontarget fungi. This pilot study, a field survey in southwestern Idaho from April to December 2010 on four streams with varying pesticide inputs (two agricultural and two reference sites), was conducted to assess nontarget impact of fungicides on gut fungi, or trichomycetes. Tissues of larval black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae), hosts of gut fungi, were analyzed for pesticide accumulation. Fungicides were detected in hosts from streams within agricultural watersheds but were not detected in hosts from reference streams. Gut fungi from agricultural sites exhibited decreased percent infestation, density within the gut, and sporulation, and black fly tissues had elevated pesticide concentrations. Differences observed between the sites demonstrate a potential effect on this symbiotic system. Future research is needed to parse out the details of the complex biotic and abiotic relationships; however, these preliminary results indicate that impacts to nontarget organisms could have far-reaching consequences within aquatic ecosystems.

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Challenges and Future Perspectives in the Systematics of Kickxellomycotina, Mortierellomycotina, Mucoromycotina, and Zoopagomycotina

Benny

Smith

Kirk

et al. 2016

Biology of Microfungi

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A new species of Ephemerellomyces from North America highlights its morphological plasticity and possible intergeneric similarities with other Harpellales

Cited by 5 publications

References 82 publications

New species and emendations of Orphella: taxonomic and phylogenetic reassessment of the genus to establish the Orphellales, for stonefly gut fungi with a twist

New species and emendations of Orphella: taxonomic and phylogenetic reassessment of the genus to establish the Orphellales, for stonefly gut fungi with a twist

Assessing the Potential Effects of Fungicides on Nontarget Gut Fungi (Trichomycetes) and Their Associated Larval Black Fly Hosts

Challenges and Future Perspectives in the Systematics of Kickxellomycotina, Mortierellomycotina, Mucoromycotina, and Zoopagomycotina

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