A new species of electric knifefish, genus<i>Compsaraia</i>(Gymnotiformes: Apteronotidae) from the Amazon River, with extreme sexual dimorphism in snout and jaw length

Albert, James S.; Crampton, William G. R.

doi:10.1017/s1477200008002934

Cited by 34 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Sexual dimorphism in trophic structures is known in several fish groups (Feduccia and Slaughter, 1974;Barnett and Bellwood, 2005;Albert and Crampton, 2009;Hoey et al, 2012) and is suspected in others, but our findings are the first to demonstrate sexual dimorphism in feeding kinematics. It is particularly interesting that one of the major differences between male and female stickleback is in jaw protrusion, a trait that has long been thought to impact various aspects of feeding ability (Schaeffer and Rosen, 1961;Motta, 1984) and was recently shown to play a major role in determining suction-feeding performance (Holzman et al, 2008;Holzman et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…For example, the West Indies island radiations of Anolis lizards exhibit sexual dimorphism in size, shape and habitat preference, and sexual dimorphism substantially increases morphospace occupation within each radiation (Schoener, 1967;Butler et al, 2000). Many studies have examined sexual dimorphism in various traits, including body size, trophic morphology, locomotor ability and color (Nagamine and Knight, 1980;Hedrick and Temeles, 1989;Shine, 1989;Price and Birch, 1996;Berwaerts et al, 2006;Albert and Crampton, 2009), but the consequences of morphological sexual dimorphism for functional dimorphism have rarely been addressed, particularly in the context of sex-specific behaviors impairing performance in non-sex-specific behaviors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sexual dimorphism in the feeding mechanism of threespine stickleback

McGee

Wainwright

2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYSexual dimorphism is common in nature and has the potential to increase intraspecific variation in performance and patterns of resource use. We sought to determine whether anadromous threespine stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus, exhibit sexual dimorphism in feeding kinematics. We filmed four males and four females consuming live prey in a total of 51 sequences filmed at 500Hz, then tested for differences in cranial kinematics using a combination of principal component analysis and linear mixed models. We document, for the first time in fishes, divergence between males and females in both the timing of key movements and the magnitude of excursions reached by the hyoid, jaws and neurocranium during prey capture. Some of the largest differences are in jaw protrusion, with males exhibiting faster time to peak jaw protrusion but females exhibiting greater maximum jaw protrusion. Measurements of morphological jaw protrusion on cleared and stained specimens significantly predict jaw protrusion in kinematics. This morphological divergence could reflect ecological divergence between the sexes, or the demands of nest building and territory defense compromising male feeding performance. Remarkably, the morphological jaw protrusion divergence in anadromous males and females is similar to jaw protrusion divergence between ecomorphs in a benthic-limnetic species pair, with limnetics exhibiting female-like patterns of protrusion and benthics exhibiting male-like patterns. These results suggest that sexual dimorphism in feeding functional morphology exists in nature and may have played an important role in the radiation of threespine stickleback.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual dimorphism in the feeding mechanism of threespine stickleback

McGee

Wainwright

2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…25-63 gill filaments on first arch. Sexual dimorphism of cranial morphology absent in all species in contrast to its presence in many apteronotid taxa (Albert & Crampton, 2009;de Santana & Vari, 2010;Fernandes et al, 2002) and in the sternopygid genus Archolaemus (Vari et al, 2012).…”

Section: Previous Generic Diagnoses Brachyhypopomus Was Assigned To mentioning

confidence: 94%

A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical electric fish genus Brachyhypopomus (Ostariophysi: Gymnotiformes: Hypopomidae), with descriptions of 15 new species

et al. 2016

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The bluntnose knifefish genus Brachyhypopomus Mago-Leccia, 1994, is diagnosed from other Rhamphichthyoidea (Rhamphichthyidae + Hypopomidae) by the presence of a disk-like ossification in the anterior portion of the palatoquadrate, and by the following external characters: short snout, 18.7-32.6% of head length Gymnorhamphichthys, Iracema, and Rhamphichthys), absence of a paired accessory electric organ in the mental or humeral region (vs. presence in Hypopygus and Steatogenys), presence of 3-4 pectoral proximal radials (vs. 5 in Akawaio), presence of the antorbital + infraorbital, and the preopercular cephalic lateral line canal bones (vs. absence in Racenisia). Brachyhypopomus cannot be diagnosed unambiguously from Microsternarchus or from Procerusternarchus on the basis of external characters alone. Brachyhypopomus comprises 28 species. Here we describe 15 new species, and provide redescriptions of all 13 previously described species, based on meristic, morphometric, and other morphological characters. We include notes on ecology and natural history for each species, and provide regional dichotomous keys and distribution maps, based on the examination of 12,279 specimens from 2,787 museum lots. A lectotype is designated for Brachyhypopomus pinnicaudatus (Hopkins, Comfort, Bastian & Bass, 1990 Peixes elétricos do gênero Brachyhypopomus Mago-Leccia, 1994, são diagnosticados dos outros Rhamphichthyoidea (Rhamphichthyidae + Hypopomidae) pela presença de uma ossificação discóide na porção anterior do palatoquadrado, e pelos seguintes caracteres externos: focinho curto, 18,7-32,6% do comprimento da cabeça (vs. 33,3-68,6% em Hypopomus, Gymnorhamphichthys, Iracema e Rhamphichthys), ausência de um órgão elétrico acessório pareado na região mental ou humeral (vs. presença em Hypopygus e Steatogenys), presença de 3-4 proximais peitorais radiais (vs. 5 em Akawaio), presença do antiorbital + infraorbital, e dos canais ossificados da linha lateral da região cefálica do pré-opérculo (vs. ausência em Racenisia). Brachyhypopomus não pode ser diagnosticado de maneira não-ambígua de Microsternarchus ou Procerusternarchus, com base em caracteres de morfologia externa. Brachyhypopomus compreende 28 espécies válidas. Aqui nós descrevemos 15 espécies novas, e fornecemos a redescrição de 13 espécies previamente descritas, baseado em caracteres merísticos, morfométricos e outros caracteres morfológicos. Nós incluímos notas sobre à ecologia e história natural para cada uma das espécies, e fornecemos chaves dicotômicas regionais e mapas de distribuição baseado no exame de 12.279 espécimes de 2.787 lotes de museus. Um lectótipo é designado para Brachyhypopomus pinnicaudatus (Hopkins, Comfort, Bastian & Bass, 1990

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“…However, with large sample sizes and non-regenerated specimens, this character can be used to differentiate between species (Albert, Crampton, 2009).…”

Section: Fig 3 Dorsal View Of the Brachial Basket In Four Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomic revision of the deep channel electric fish genus Sternarchella (Teleostei: Gymnotiformes: Apteronotidae), with descriptions of two new species

2017

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This paper provides a taxonomic revision of the Neotropical electric fish genus Sternarchella, with redescriptions of seven valid species and descriptions of two new species. A maximum parsimony analysis of 76 morphological characters from seven ingroup and seven outgroup taxa recovered a non-monophyletic Sternarchella, in which a clade comprising two species with a ventral mouth (S. orinoco + S. sima) is the sister group to a clade comprising seven species that possess a terminal or superior mouth. Nested within this higher-diversity clade is the genus Magosternarchus (recognized herein as a junior synonym of Sternarchella) comprising M. duccis and M. raptor. The Magosternarchus clade forms a polytomy with S. orthos and S. schotti. Sternarchella calhamazon + a new species from the upper Río Madeira (sister species to S. calhamazon), and a new larger-bodied species from the central and upper Río Amazonas also form a clade. Sternarchella orthos is distributed in both the Amazon and Orinoco basins, where it exhibits considerable phenotypic diversity. Sternarchella orthos includes most specimens from the Amazon formerly assigned to the nominal species S. terminalis (recognized herein as a junior synonym of S. schotti).Keywords: Amazon, Evolution, Geometric morphometrics, Identification key, Magosternarchus.Este artigo propõe uma revisão taxonômica do gênero Neotropical de peixe-elétrico Sternarchella, incluindo a redescrição de sete espécies válidas e duas novas espécies. Análise de máxima parcimônia com 76 caracteres morfológicos e amostragem de sete grupos internos e sete grupos externos indica que Sternarchella não constitui grupo monofilético, sendo um clado composto por duas espécies com bocas ventrais (S. orinoco + S. sima) e outro com sete espécies com bocas terminais ou superiores. Dentro deste último clado estão as espécies do gênero Magosternarchus (reconhecido aqui como um sinônimo júnior de Sternarchella): M. duccis e M. raptor. O clado de Magosternarchus forma uma politomia com S. orthos e S. schotti. Sternarchella calhamazon + uma nova espécie do alto rio Madeira (espécie irmã de S. calhamazon) e uma nova espécie de corpo maior do rio Amazonas central e superior também formam um clado. Sternarchella orthos está distribuída nos rios amazônicos e no Orinoco, onde apresenta elevada diversidade fenotípica. Sternarchella orthos inclui a maioria dos espécimes do rio Amazonas anteriormente atribuídos à S. terminalis (considerada neste estudo como sinônimo júnior de S. schotti).Palavras-chave: Amazônia, Chave de identificação, Evolução, Magosternarchus, Morfometria geométrica.

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A new species of electric knifefish, genusCompsaraia(Gymnotiformes: Apteronotidae) from the Amazon River, with extreme sexual dimorphism in snout and jaw length

Cited by 34 publications

References 23 publications

Sexual dimorphism in the feeding mechanism of threespine stickleback

Sexual dimorphism in the feeding mechanism of threespine stickleback

A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical electric fish genus Brachyhypopomus (Ostariophysi: Gymnotiformes: Hypopomidae), with descriptions of 15 new species

Taxonomic revision of the deep channel electric fish genus Sternarchella (Teleostei: Gymnotiformes: Apteronotidae), with descriptions of two new species

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