A new species of deep-sea mussel (Bivalvia: Mytilidae: Gigantidas) from the South China Sea: Morphology, phylogenetic position, and gill-associated microbes

Xu, Ting; Dong, Feng; Tao, Jun; Qiu, Jian‐Wen

doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2019.03.001

Cited by 68 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The taxonomy of Bathymodiolinae is in disarray because of their high morphological plasticity. Molecular phylogenetic studies have divided deep-sea mussels previously referred to as Bathymodiolus into nine genera, namely, Gigantidas , Bathymodiolus , Adipicola , Benthomodiolus , Idas , Tamu , Terua , Vulcanidas , and “ Bathymodiolus ” [ 5 , 11 , 12 ]. “ Bathymodiolus ”, which is currently represented by only two species (“ B.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogenetic Relationships and Adaptation in Deep-Sea Mussels: Insights from Mitochondrial Genomes

Zhang

Sun

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) are an excellent source of information for phylogenetic and evolutionary studies, but their application in marine invertebrates is limited. In the present study, we utilized mitogenomes to elucidate the phylogeny and environmental adaptation in deep-sea mussels (Mytilidae: Bathymodiolinae). We sequenced and assembled seven bathymodioline mitogenomes. A phylogenetic analysis integrating the seven newly assembled and six previously reported bathymodioline mitogenomes revealed that these bathymodiolines are divided into three well-supported clades represented by five Gigantidas species, six Bathymodiolus species, and two “Bathymodiolus” species, respectively. A Common interval Rearrangement Explorer (CREx) analysis revealed a gene order rearrangement in bathymodiolines that is distinct from that in other shallow-water mytilids. The CREx analysis also suggested that reversal, transposition, and tandem duplications with subsequent random gene loss (TDRL) may have been responsible for the evolution of mitochondrial gene orders in bathymodiolines. Moreover, a comparison of the mitogenomes of shallow-water and deep-sea mussels revealed that the latter lineage has experienced relaxed purifying selection, but 16 residues of the atp6, nad4, nad2, cob, nad5, and cox2 genes have underwent positive selection. Overall, this study provides new insights into the phylogenetic relationships and mitogenomic adaptations of deep-sea mussels

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…” aduloides and “ B. ” manusensis ), is vastly different from Bathymodiolus sensu stricto, but it has not been given a formal genus name yet [ 6 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic Relationships and Adaptation in Deep-Sea Mussels: Insights from Mitochondrial Genomes

Zhang

Sun

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…The bathymodiolin mussel is one of the most common macrofaunae in deep-sea chemosynthetic ecosystems, found in cold-seeps, hydrothermal vents, sunken woods, and whale falls ( Taylor and Glover, 2010 ), and they often dominate the biomass of these chemosynthesis-based communities and may even form dense mussel beds that serve as critical habitats for many other animals ( Govenar, 2010 ; Vrijenhoek, 2010 ). Although bathymodiolin mussels retain the ability to filter-feed, their ecological successes can largely be attributed to the symbiosis in their gill: bathymodiolin mussels host intracellular thiotrophic and/or methanotrophic Gammaproteobacteria in their gill (with a few of exceptions in genera Idas and Adipicola that host gill epi-symbiont) for nutrition ( Dubilier et al., 2008 ; Xu et al., 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These limitations greatly restrict the timing of the sampling and available technologies and make the identification of symbiosis-related genes extremely difficult. In this work, we conducted integrated molecular analyses of the gill of model deep-sea mussel Gigantidas platifrons , previously known as Bathymodiolus platifrons ( Xu et al., 2019 ), and further analyzed its symbiosis at the molecular level. The species G. platifrons could be commonly found in cold seeps of the South China Sea ( Feng et al., 2015 ), Sagami Bay ( Barry et al., 2002 ) as well as hydrothermal vents in the Okinawa Trough ( Fujiwara et al., 2000 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular analyses of the gill symbiosis of the bathymodiolin mussel Gigantidas platifrons

et al. 2021

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Summary Although the deep-sea bathymodiolin mussels have been intensively studied as a model of animal-bacteria symbiosis, it remains challenging to assess the host-symbiont interactions due to the complexity of the symbiotic tissue—the gill. Using cold-seep mussel Gigantidas platifrons as a model, we isolated the symbiont harboring bacteriocytes and profiled the transcriptomes of the three major parts of the symbiosis—the gill, the bacteriocyte, and the symbiont. This breakdown of the complex symbiotic tissue allowed us to characterize the host-symbiont interactions further. Our data showed that the gill's non-symbiotic parts play crucial roles in maintaining and protecting the symbiosis; the bacteriocytes supply the symbiont with metabolites, control symbiont population, and shelter the symbiont from phage infection; the symbiont dedicates to the methane oxidation and energy production. This study demonstrates that the bathymodiolin symbiosis interacts at the tissue, cellular, and molecular level, maintaining high efficiency and harmonic chemosynthetic micro niche.

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“…Since it was rst discovered in 1987 in Sagami Bay, Gigantidas platifrons (formerly named as Bathymodiolus platifrons) has been found to be dominant in cold seeps and hydrothermal vents of Okinawa Trough and Formosa Ridge of the South China Sea [29][30][31]. It was found that G. platifrons only harbored MOBs in their bacteriocytes, making them an ideal model for investigating the immune response against symbionts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

microRNAs Facilitate Comprehensive Responses of Bathymodiolinae Mussel Against Symbiotic and Nonsymbiotic Bacteria Stimulation

Chen

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background:As the dominant species inhabiting both cold seeps and hydrothermal vents,Bathymodiolinae mussels are one of the most successful megafauna in the deep sea.They thrive in dark and food-insufficient environmentsby harboring sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB)and/or methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB)ingill bacteriocytesand obtain the majority of their nutrition from them.Many attempts have been made to decode the mechanisms underlying their symbiosis, which yetremained largely undisclosedfor years due to the lack of cultivable symbionts. In the present study,the globalexpression pattern of immune-related genes and miRNAswere surveyed inGigantidasplatifronsduring bacterial challengesusing enriched symbiontsor nonsymbioticVibrio in attempting to reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying chemosynthetic symbiosis. Results: Multiple PRRs such as TLRs, LRRs and C1q were found vigorously modulated during challenges whiledistinctly clusteredbetween symbiotic and nonsymbiotic bacteria stimulation. As downstream of the immune response,dozens of immune effectors including HSP70, P450, CD82 andvacuolar protein sorting-associated proteinwere modulated simultaneously, contributing to the fine tuning of cellular homeostasis, lysosome activity and bacteria engulfment in either symbiotic and nonsymbiotic bacteria challenge.A total of 459 miRNAs were identified in gill tissue of G. platifrons while dozens of themwere differentially expressedduring the challenge.Among these miRNAs, some were also found in differentexpression patternbetween symbiont or nonsymbiontchallenges and targeting apoptosis and phagosome maturation-related genes, including caspase8, inhibitor of apoptosis, cAMP-responsive element-binding protein,IκB, Rab and integrin. Conclusion:It was suggested that G. platifrons PRRs might function cooperativelyto facilitate the specialized immune recognition to MOBs or nonsymbioticbacteria. Meanwhile, a shared expression pattern of immune effectorswas observed between bacterial challenges, indicatingthe conservative response of Bathymodiolinae mussels in promoting the adhesion andengulfment of symbionts and nonsymbiont. Nevertheless, the differentially expressed miRNAs were yet suggested to facilitate specialized modulationinsymbiosis by repressing apoptosis- and phagosome maturation-related genes.With the orchestra of immune-related genes and miRNAs, G. platifronsmussels could therefore maintain arobust immune response against invading pathogens while establishing symbiosis with chemosynthetic bacteria.

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A new species of deep-sea mussel (Bivalvia: Mytilidae: Gigantidas) from the South China Sea: Morphology, phylogenetic position, and gill-associated microbes

Cited by 68 publications

References 38 publications

Phylogenetic Relationships and Adaptation in Deep-Sea Mussels: Insights from Mitochondrial Genomes

Phylogenetic Relationships and Adaptation in Deep-Sea Mussels: Insights from Mitochondrial Genomes

Molecular analyses of the gill symbiosis of the bathymodiolin mussel Gigantidas platifrons

microRNAs Facilitate Comprehensive Responses of Bathymodiolinae Mussel Against Symbiotic and Nonsymbiotic Bacteria Stimulation

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