A new sesquiterpene lactone from Salvia plebeia

Choi

et al. 2021

JABC

Four compounds were isolated from Salvia plebeia aerial parts. Silica gel open column chromatography with a gradient elution system was used to isolate and purify these compounds. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectroscopy were used for structural elucidation and identification, while electronic circular dichroism was used to confirm the absolute configuration. The structures were determined to be βsitosterol ( 1), (-)-1S,5S,8S,10R-1-acetoxy-8-hydroxy-2-oxoeudesman-3,7(11)-dien-8,12-olide (2), ursolic acid (3), and N-methylhydroxylamine (4). Compounds 2 and 4 were isolated for the first time from this plant. Compound 2 was quantitatively analyzed via HPLC/UV. The results showed that the methanol extract of S. plebeia had a higher content of compound 2 (1.20 mg/g) than the ethanol extract (0.55 mg/g). This study could be used as a preliminary step in conducting HPLC/UV analysis of sesquiterpenoids in S. plebeia extract to assess their bioavailability and potency.

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Jang et al investigated sesquiterpenoids and revealed that they inhibited IL-6-induced STAT3 activation [20]. Further studies are needed to isolate more sesquiterpenoids from SP as most of the reports have focused on flavonoids, diterpenoids, and triterpenoids [17].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical constituents from the aerial parts of Salvia plebeia

Paje

Choi

et al. 2021

JABC

“…Pharmacological investigations have revealed that of the leaf extract of S. plebeia has anti-oxidative (27), anti-tyrosinase (28), anti-cancer (29) and hepatoprotective effects (26). The active components of S. plebeia comprise flavonoids (30,31), diterpenoids (32), lignin (33), aliphatic compounds (34) and sesquiterpenoids (35). Although S. plebeia leaves are used to prevent and treat skin aging-associated conditions, including inflammation, pigmentation and wrinkle formation, the exact underlying physicochemical and molecular mechanisms of its biological activity have remained elusive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory effect of Salvia plebeia leaf extract on ultraviolet-induced photoaging-associated ion channels and enzymes

Chang

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Nam

et al. 2017

Abstract. In traditional Korean/Asian medicine, Salvia plebeia R.Br. (S. plebeia) leaves are used to treat inflammatory diseases, including dermatitis, cough, asthma and toothache. Recently, S. plebeia leaves have been applied in skin care, as they promote skin lightening and elasticity. Therefore, the present study investigated the anti-aging effects of S. plebeia leaf methanolic extract and its fractions (dichloromethane, ethylacetate and n-butanol). The results of a whole-cell patch clamp analysis indicated that the methanolic extract mediated ultraviolet (UV)-induced photoaging-associated ion channels, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1 (ORAI1) channel activity in HEK293T cells overexpressing TRPV1 or ORAI1 and STIM1. Electrophysiological analysis revealed that the butanol fraction inhibited capsaicin-induced TRPV1 (84±8% at -60 mV/86±1% at 100 mV at 100 µg/ml) and ORAI1 (87±2% at -120 mV at 100 µg/ml) currents. Furthermore, the dichloromethane and hexane fractions inhibited tyrosinase activity by 32.4±0.69 and 22.6±0.96% at 330 µg/ml, respectively. Furthermore, the ethylacetate and butanol fractions inhibited elastase activity by 65.2±1.30 and 31.7±1.23% at 330 µg/ml, respectively. Tyrosinase and elastase, which are UV-induced photoaging-associated enzymes, regulate skin pigmentation and wrinkle formation, respectively. The results of the present study indicated that S. plebeia leaves may be a novel treatment for UV-induced photoaging. IntroductionThe elderly population is rapidly growing, which has led to an increase in dermatological problems, including eczema, wrinkling and pigmentation. Skin aging is associated with several factors, including genetics, environment, hormonal changes and metabolic processes. Although all of these factors can contribute to skin aging, the environment, particularly solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a prominent mediator of skin aging (1-3). UV radiation exposure activates fibroblast and keratinocyte growth factor receptors, which activate the nuclear activator protein (AP)-1. This produces matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), including collagenase (MMP-1), gelatinase B (MMP-9) and stromelysin-1 (MMP-3), which degrade collagen and elastic fibers, thereby inducing skin wrinkling and laxity (4,5). Neutrophils also mediate sun-induced skin aging. Following UV radiation, neutrophils infiltrate the skin and release dermal elastase, a key elastolytic enzyme (6-8). Following skin exposure to UV radiation, the keratinocytes produce endothelins (ETs), which induce melanocyte proliferation and tyrosinase production. ORAI1, calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1; AP-1, activate the nuclear activator protein; MMPs, metalloproteinases; MMP-1, collagenase; MMP-9, gelatinase B; ET, endothelin; STIM, stromal interaction molecule; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; PKC, calcium-dependent protein kinase C Inhibitory effect of Salvia plebeia leaf extract on ultraviolet-induced photoaging-associated ion channels and enzymes

“…Salvia plebeia R.Br., belonging to the Lamiaceae family, is prescribed as a folk remedy for treating cough, hepatitis, diarrhea, gonorrhea, and hemorrhages and is widely distributed across the globe, particularly in Korea, Japan, and China. − S. plebeia has been reported to demonstrate pharmacological activities such as gastroprotective, anti-inflammatory, , antioxidant, , hepatoprotective, antiatherogenic, antiviral, and antiobesity effects and to contain phytochemical constituents such as sesquiterpenoids, − diterpenoids, , lignans, , flavonoids, ,− phenolics, and aliphatic compounds …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-inflammatory Activity of Eudesmane-Type Sesquiterpenoids from Salvia plebeia

Jang

et al. 2017

J. Nat. Prod.

Nine new sesquiterpenoid lactones and 11 known analogues were isolated from the aerial parts of Salvia plebeia R.Br. Their structures were elucidated via HRESIMS and NMR data, and their absolute configurations were defined via electronic circular dichroism data, X-ray crystallographic analysis, and the modified Mosher's ester method. Compounds 1-20 were investigated for their ability to inhibit LPS-stimulated nitric oxide production in murine macrophage cells. Of the isolates, epi-eudebeiolide C (20) showed the highest inhibitory effect (IC of 17.9 μM). mRNA and protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), but not that of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), was dose-dependently decreased by 20 in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells. Based on a mechanistic study involving the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway, the anti-inflammatory effect of 20 was attributed to NF-κB activation blockade via inhibition of NF-κB (IκB) phosphorylation. Therefore, 20 might be a potential candidate for relieving inflammatory diseases.