A New Protection Scheme Considering Fault Ride Through Requirements for Transmission Level Interconnected Wind Parks

Abstract

New grid codes impose fault ride through (FRT) requirements on large doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind parks connected to transmission systems in order to reduce the loss of huge generation power due to temporary faults. Recently, the focus is set towards the development of different wind turbine technologies to enhance the FRT capability of wind parks with no consideration for transmission system protection schemes. This paper proposes a new communication-based dual time-current-voltage tripping (Dual − T CV ) characteristic for directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs) that considers the FRT capability of wind parks by taking fast fault isolation actions in transmission systems. The protection coordination problem is formulated and solved to determine the optimal relay tripping settings. The proposed approach is tested on the IEEE 24-bus transmission system with up to eight DFIG-based wind parks. The outcome of this study reveals that protection schemes based on DOCRs governed by the proposed Dual − T CV tripping characteristic ensures fast fault isolations that significantly enhances the FRT operation of wind parks in adherence to grid code requirements. The transient analysis verifies the superior performance of the proposed protection approach in enhancing the FRT operation of wind parks.

Nature-Inspired Whale Optimization Algorithm for Optimal Coordination of Directional Overcurrent Relays in Power Systems

“…Moreover all of these network topologies lead to the complexity of the problem, as well as result in mis-coordination of DOCRs, constantly leading to contingencies. To overcome this issue and reduce the power outages it has been highly recommended for the relay settings to be determined optimally considering only the main system configuration [23][24][25][26]. In [27], the coordination of DOCRs was determined by a linear method.…”

Power system protection with digital overcurrent relays: A review of non-standard characteristics

“…However, today, the voltage value can also be used to diagnose the faulty part of the power system due to the fact that directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs) have generally become more accessible and are able to measure both current and voltage values on the line which they are connected to via current and voltage transformers. The previous research showed that this feature of the DOCRs creates an opportunity for the application of N-SCs which are formed not only by taking into account the current but also the voltage value [48,49,50,10]. Some researchers have suggested to make use of voltage measurements by adding a voltage parameter to the SCs in order to mitigate the effects caused by DG connection, MG concept, etc., while others have suggested to use admittance based characteristics provided that the inverse time characteristic is preserved.…”

A Non-Standard Characteristic Based Protection Scheme for Distribution Networks

“…Improvement of protection coordination quality was provided using a non-standard characteristic in this study; however, the effect of DG connection was not considered. Using a function of voltage value along with the IEC standard characteristic, a non-standard characteristic was devised in [12,13]. Although the integration of DG was comprehensively addressed in this study, the primary operation time of the relay depended on the coordination since the relays were operated using one characteristic.…”