Boric
acid (H3BO3) is being used effectively
nowadays in traps/baits for the management of Aedes
aegypti L. and Aedes albopictus Skuse species of mosquitos, which are the main spreading vectors
for diseases like malaria, dengue, and zika worldwide. Due to its
renewed importance, we have studied in this work the structural, electronic,
and optical properties of its molecular triclinic H3BO3-2A and trigonal H3BO3-3T polymorphs within the framework of density functional
theory (DFT) at the local density and generalized gradient levels
of calculations, LDA and GGA, respectively, improving and extending
previously published theoretical results on triclinic boric acid structural
properties. In addition, the optical absorption of the 2A polymorph was measured in this work for the sake of comparison with
our DFT estimate. In comparison to published X-ray diffraction data,
unit cell deviations as small as Δa ∼
−0.13 Å (−0.12 Å), Δb ∼ −0.13 Å (−0.12 Å), Δc ∼ 0.18 Å (−0.31 Å), and interplanar
distance deviation Δd ∼ −0.11
Å (−0.10 Å) for H3BO3-2A (H3BO3-3T) were
obtained using a Tkatchenko and Scheffler dispersion corrected GGA
functional. The properties of the polymorphs are shown to be ruled
by an interplay between in-plane hydrogen bonds and interplanar van
der Waals interactions. However, the molecular stacking pattern, AB
for H3BO3-2A and ABC for H3BO3-3T, does not lead to significantly
distinct electronic and optical properties. Both polymorphs are suggested
to be insulators with indirect bang gaps of about 6.26 ± 0.01
eV, which is in close agreement with the 5.98 eV indirect band gap
we have measured for triclinic boric acid by optical absorption. Notably
the usual DFT gap underestimation is not observed due to the extra
shrinking of the unit cell caused by the inclusion of van der Waals
forces in the geometry optimization. The complex dielectric function
and optical absorption of both boric acid polymorphs were characterized
as well.