A new murine model of allergic conjunctivitis and effectiveness of nedocromil sodium

Merayo‐Lloves, Jesús; Zhao, Tong Z; Dutt, J E; Foster, C. Stephen

doi:10.1016/s0091-6749(96)70268-3

Cited by 31 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Similar to data obtained for RW-induced EC, [5][6][7][8][9][10] we observed both EPR and LPR in Cry j-induced EC. Further- Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…In animal models of AC, short ragweed pollen (RW) is most common antigen used. [5][6][7][8][9][10] However, Cry j-induced AC is far more common in Japan than RW-induced AC. 11) Since different allergens may induce different immune response characteristics, 12) investigations using Cry j-induced conjunctivitis can provide information that is relevant to Japanese pollinosis patients.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cryptomeria japonica-Induced Allergic Conjunctivitis in Mice

Fukushima

Shii

Sumi

et al. 2007

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Japanese cedar pollen (Cryptomeria japonica, Cry j) is the most common allergen causing pollinosis in Japan. However, short ragweed pollen is used commonly as the antigen for experimentally-induced allergic conjunctivitis (EC) and Cry j-induced EC in mice has not been published. We actively immunized BALB/c mice with Cry j, and then performed a challenge with eye drops containing Cry j. We evaluated the early phase and late phase reactions in the conjunctiva, using Evans blue dye leakage and eosinophil infiltration, respectively. Significant inhibition of the early phase reaction was observed following pre-challenge with eye drops that block histamine H1 receptor in the conjunctiva. Thus, Cry j-induced EC appears to represent a suitable model for the study of pollinosis in Japan.

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“…Similar to data obtained for RW-induced EC, [5][6][7][8][9][10] we observed both EPR and LPR in Cry j-induced EC. Further- Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptomeria japonica-Induced Allergic Conjunctivitis in Mice

Fukushima

Shii

Sumi

et al. 2007

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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“…Nedocromil sodium was efficient in diminishing signs of allergic conjunctivitis and treated animals showed decreased levels of ragweed-specific IgE, as well as a reduction in conjunctival eosinophil infiltration, mast cells numbers, cytokine release and fewer clinical signs of allergy (99).…”

Section: Micementioning

confidence: 96%

“…The first major murine model of allergic conjunctivitis to airborne allergens was established in 1996 using SWR/J mice which were exposed to ragweed by topical contact with the conjunctival and nasal mucosae (99). The development of allergic conjunctivitis was assessed by examination of clinical signs, serum IgE levels, and histological findings and it was shown that SWR/J mice exposed to ragweed developed clinical signs Models of conjunctivitis Figure 4.…”

Section: Micementioning

confidence: 99%

Animal models of allergic and inflammatory conjunctivitis

Groneberg

Bielory

Fischer

et al. 2003

Allergy

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Numerous recent reports have demonstrated an increase in the prevalence and incidence of allergic conditions during the past years which affect approximately 25% of the general population (1) and about US$ 6 billion alone are estimated as direct costs of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (2). Whereas a large amount of studies have focused on the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis and asthma over the past years, ocular allergies are less well studied. However, allergic diseases affecting the eye are very common (3) and pediatric studies have shown that within distinct cohorts, up to 32% of allergic children have an ocular allergy as the primary manifestation of allergy (4). Allergic eye diseases such as allergic conjunctivitis commonly present with the symptoms of itchy, watery, red, sore and swollen eyes, but not pain (5).In contrast to the large amount of experimental studies on allergic asthma and the detailed knowledge that exists on mediators of allergic airway inflammation (6-8), there are few experimental studies using models of allergic eye diseases. Detailed reviews to assess the pathophysiology and immunology of ocular allergies have been limited. This review hopefully fills this void to provide the clinical and translational researcher in the area of ocular allergy. Pathophysiology of ocular allergiesBefore characterizing the different animal models of ocular allergy which have been established so far, it is crucial to reflect that within the area of ocular allergies, different disease entities exist and that only some of them may be mimicked by animal models. Formally, conjunctivitis may be divided into allergic and nonallergic conjunctivitis and the allergic form may also be subdivided into IgE-mediated and non-IgE-mediated allergic conjunctivitis ( Fig. 1) (9). Clinically, the spectrum of conjunctivitis types can be subdivided into allergic conjunctivitis, atopic keratoconjunctivitis, vernal keratoconjunctivitis and giant papillary conjunctivitis.In contrast to the other forms of conjunctivitis, allergic conjunctivitis is commonly based on an IgEmediated hypersensitivity reaction. Furthermore, allergic Allergic eye diseases are complex inflammatory conditions of the conjunctiva with an increasing prevalence and incidence. The diseases are often concomitant with other allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis and allergic asthma. Despite the disabling and prominent symptoms of ocular allergies, they are less well studied and further insights into the molecular basics are still required. To establish new therapeutic approaches and assess immunological mechanisms, animal models of ocular allergies have been developed in the past years. The major forms of allergic ocular diseases, seasonal and perennial allergic conjunctivitis, vernal and atopic keratoconjunctivitis and giant papillary conjunctivitis, each have different pathophysiological and immunological components. In contrast to these distinct entities, the current animal models are based on the sensitization against a small numbe...

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“…Prior to the euthanasia of the SD rats, clinical sign scores were graded by three blind independent evaluators, as previously reported (13). The clinical score signs were recorded prior to induction of conjunctivitis, and 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks after carvedilol administration.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Clinical Sign Scoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of carvedilol reduce conjunctivitis through changes in inflammation, NGF and VEGF levels in a rat model

Chen¹,

Hong²

2016

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Abstract. Carvedilol is a novel third generation β-blocker that acts as an antagonist of β and α adrenergic receptors, and is able to regulate various cell factors. In addition, it possesses antioxidant activity, is capable of reversing cardiac remodeling effects and has anti-arrhythmic effects. The present study aimed to investigate whether the effects of carvedilol were able to reduce conjunctivitis clinical scores. Initially, 24 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three equal groups as follows: Control group, model group and carvedilol group. The model and carvedilol group adult SD rats were injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce conjunctivitis. In the carvedilol group, the eight SD rats with LPS-induced conjunctivitis also received 50 mg/kg/day of carvedilol for 4 weeks. Next, the effects carvedilol were assessed utilizing a system of clinical sign scores, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the expression levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Finally, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), nerve growth factor (NGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were analyzed by western blotting. Carvedilol was observed to significantly reduce clinical sign scores in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.01), and reduce IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α expression levels (P<0.01) in the LPS-induced rat model of conjunctivitis. Carvedilol was also able to significantly reduce the protein expression levels of NF-κB, and induce the protein expression levels of NGF and VEGF in the LPS-induced rat model of conjunctivitis (P<0.01). In conclusion, the effects of carvedilol may reduce conjunctivitis clinical scores through inflammation, NGF and VEGF in LPS-induced rat models.

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A new murine model of allergic conjunctivitis and effectiveness of nedocromil sodium

Cited by 31 publications

References 26 publications

Cryptomeria japonica-Induced Allergic Conjunctivitis in Mice

Cryptomeria japonica-Induced Allergic Conjunctivitis in Mice

Animal models of allergic and inflammatory conjunctivitis

Effects of carvedilol reduce conjunctivitis through changes in inflammation, NGF and VEGF levels in a rat model

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