A New Model of Ethanol Self‐Administration in Newborn Rats: Gender Effects on Ethanol Ingestion Through a Surrogate Nipple

Petrov, Evgeniy S.; Cheslock, Sarah J.; Spear, Norman E.

doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.1999.tb04359.x

Cited by 23 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The first is a conventional associative explanation based on second-order conditioning: although water and this low sucrose dose lacked sufficient reinforcement strength originally, they acquired it through their subsequent association with ethanol. Recent literature endorses the likelihood of a high sensitivity to reinforcing effects of ethanol during early ontogeny (Abate et al, 2002;Cheslock et al, 2001;Pautassi et al, 2002;Petrov et al, 2003;Spear and Molina, 2005;Varlinskaya et al, 1999). The second possibility includes synergism between ethanol's reinforcing effects and intrinsic hedonic properties of sucrose or water.…”

Section: Basis Of the Present Effects Of Ethanol Reinforcementmentioning

confidence: 93%

Infantile Sensitivity to Ethanol's Motivational Effects: Ethanol Reinforcement During the Third Postnatal Week

Molina

Ponce

Truxell

et al. 2006

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Infants appear sensitive to pharmacological reinforcing properties of low and relatively high ethanol doses. This sensitivity was revealed indirectly, by pairing gustatory stimuli with ethanol intoxication and then allowing these stimuli to act as second-order reinforcement for a quite different (tactile) stimulus. Behavioral activation elicited by the gustatory stimuli previously paired with a state of intoxication seems to compete with the expression of ethanol's motivational properties as assessed through intake tests.

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Section: Basis Of the Present Effects Of Ethanol Reinforcementmentioning

confidence: 93%

Infantile Sensitivity to Ethanol's Motivational Effects: Ethanol Reinforcement During the Third Postnatal Week

Molina

Ponce

Truxell

et al. 2006

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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“…Appetitive responses for ethanol can be observed even earlier in development. Neonatal rats consumed similar quantities of ethanol and saccharin when the solution was offered through a device resembling the maternal nipple Varlinskaya et al 1999). Infants also are sensitive to ethanol's appetitive motivational properties, as demonstrated through the use of Pavlovian learning paradigms and primary and second-order conditioning (Molina et al 2007.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Naloxone attenuation of ethanol-reinforced operant responding in infant rats in a re-exposure paradigm

et al. 2011

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Self-administration of ethanol was established in terms of operant responding in preweanling rats with no previous exposure to the drug. Pairing of naloxone with ethanol, at a point separate in time from operant responding, reduced ethanol reinforcement. This indicated participation of the opioid system in ethanol reinforcement. This effect seems not to be unique to ethanol but also is observable when sucrose acts as reinforcer.

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“…Genetically heterogeneous adult rats do not consume pharmacologically relevant levels of ethanol without extensive initiation procedures (e.g., 4), creating difficulty in assessment of ethanol reinforcement. However, naïve infant rats have been found to consume large quantities of ethanol at very high concentrations [5-8]. Absolute ethanol consumption seems to be quite high early in ontogeny and to decline gradually into adulthood [9, 10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participation of the endogenous opioid system in the acquisition of a prenatal ethanol-related memory: Effects on neonatal and preweanling responsiveness to ethanol

Miranda-Morales

Molina

Spear

et al. 2010

Physiology & Behavior

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The present study tested the involvement of the opioid system in the acquisition and expression of prenatal ethanol-related memories. We evaluated how this prenatal experience modulates ethanol self-administration in newborn rats, and preweanling’s ingestion of the drug. During Gestational Days (GDs) 17-20, four groups of dams were treated with ethanol (2 g/Kg) or water, followed immediately by naloxone (10 mg/Kg) or saline administration. A fifth group received a similar dose of naloxone 20 min before ethanol administration. On PD 1, pups were tested on an operant learning procedure to obtain milk or 3% ethanol. One hour later, an extinction session was performed. At Postnatal Days (PDs) 14 and 15, preweanlings representing each prenatal treatment were evaluated in an intake test with infusions of 5% ethanol or water. Prior to the intake test on PD14, preweanlings were administered naloxone (1 mg/Kg), saline or remained untreated. In both tests, animals representative of both genders were utilized. One-day-old pups rapidly learned the operant behavior to gain access to milk. In contrast, only pups prenatally treated with ethanol (administered immediately before naloxone or saline injection) increased operant responding to gain access to ethanol. On an intake test at PDs 14 and 15, those animals prenatally exposed to naloxone 20 min before ethanol administration consumed significantly lower ethanol levels than the remaining prenatal ethanol groups. Postnatal treatment with naloxone diminished intake of all solutions at PD14. These results suggest that prenatal ethanol exposure facilitates neonatal operant learning reinforced by intraoral administration of ethanol and increases ethanol consumption during PDs 14-15. The endogenous opioid system apparently is involved in the acquisition of prenatal ethanol memories, which can modulate the reinforcing attributes of the drug in neonatal and preweanling rats.

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A New Model of Ethanol Self‐Administration in Newborn Rats: Gender Effects on Ethanol Ingestion Through a Surrogate Nipple

Cited by 23 publications

References 35 publications

Infantile Sensitivity to Ethanol's Motivational Effects: Ethanol Reinforcement During the Third Postnatal Week

Infantile Sensitivity to Ethanol's Motivational Effects: Ethanol Reinforcement During the Third Postnatal Week

Naloxone attenuation of ethanol-reinforced operant responding in infant rats in a re-exposure paradigm

Participation of the endogenous opioid system in the acquisition of a prenatal ethanol-related memory: Effects on neonatal and preweanling responsiveness to ethanol

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